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常用的动词原形 过去式 过去分词 中文意思

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解决时间 2021-03-15 21:04
列举清楚 谢谢
最佳答案
1) 规则变化

一般在动词原形后加-ed

动词原形 过去式 过去分词
look looked looked [lukt]
call called called [kC:ld]
open opened opened [5EupEnd]
need needed needed [ni:did]

①-ed在清辅音音素后发音为〔t〕,
在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,
在元音后发音也为[d]
②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕后发音为[id]
③但fix的过去式和过去分词x不双写为fixed.

以-e结尾的动词加-d

动词原形 过去式 过去分词
move moved moved [mu:vd]
phone phoned phoned [fEund]
hope hoped hoped [hEupt]
agree agreed greed [E5^ri:d]

以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed

动词原形 过去式 过去分词
study studied studied [stQdid]
carry carried carried [kArid]
try tried tried [traid]

以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed

动词原形 过去式 过去分词
play played played [pleid]
enjoy enjoyed enjoyed [in5dVCid]
stay stayed stayed [steid]

末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,
双写该辅音字母,再加-ed

动词原形 过去式 过去分词
stop stopped stopped [stCpt]
plan planned planned [plAnd]
fit fitted fitted [5fitid]

以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,再加-ed

动词原形 过去式 过去分词
prefer preferred preferred [prI`f:d]
refer referred referred [ri5fE:]

2) 不规则变化
英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况。

1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。

cut(切)
hit(打)
cast(扔)
hurt(伤害)
put(放)
let(让)
shut(关)
cost(花费)
set(放)
rid(清除)

2.过去式与过去分词完全同形。

动词原形 过去式 过去分词
find(找到) found found
pay(支付) paid paid
leave(离开) left left
lend(借出) lent lent
meet(遇见) met met
keep(保持) kept kept
lose(丢失) lost lost
teach(教) taught taught
sit(坐) sat sat
lead(引导) led led
win(赢)除) won won

3.动词原形与过去分词同形

原形 过去式 过去分词
come(来) came come
run(跑) ran run
become(成为) became become

4.动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同。

原形 过去式 过去分词
give(给) gave given
fly(飞) flew flown
drink(喝) drank drunk
see(看见) saw seen
go(去) went gone
know(知道) knew known
wear(穿) wore worn
speak(说) spoke spoken

5.过去式和过去分词有两种形式

原形 过去式 过去分词
burn(燃烧) burned burnt burned burnt
learn(学习) learned learnt learned learnt
smell(闻) smelled smelt smelled smelt
spell (拼写) spelled spelt spelled spelt
shine (照射) shined shone shined shone
leap (跳) leaped leapt leaped leapt
全部回答
1. cut cut cut 2. hit hit hit 3. let let let 4. put put put 5. cost cost cost 6. hurt hurt hurt 7. read read read a b b 1. lend lent lent 2. spend pent spent 3. build built built 4. sleep slept slept 5. keep kept kept 6. leave left left 7. feel felt felt 8. lose lost lost 9. sit sat sat 10. meet met met 11. tell told told 12. sell sold sold 13. hold held held 14. make made made 15. find found found 16. have had had 17. say said said 18. stand stood stood 19. hear heard heard 20. mean meant meant 21. win won won 22. bring brought brought 23. buy bought bought 24. think thought thought 25. teach taught taught 26. catch caught caught a b a 1. run ran run 2. come came come 3. become became become a b c 1. grow grew grown 2. know knew known 3. throw threw thrown 4. blow blew blown 5. draw drew drawn 6. drive drove driven 7. wake woke woken 8. give gave given 9. take t缉抚光幌叱呵癸童含阔ook taken 10. mistake mistook mistaken 11. see saw seen 12. write wrote written 13. ride rode ridden 14. eat ate eaten 15. fall fell fallen 16. break broke broken 17. choose chose chosen 18. speak spoke spoken 19. forget forgot forgotten 20. do did done 21. go went gone
提示 a. beat的过去式与原形同形: 比:beat(打击) beat(过去式) beaten(过去分词) b. lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同 比:lie lied, lied(说谎) lay, lain(躺,位于) c. hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同 比:hang hanged, hanged(处绞刑) hung, hung(挂,吊) d. welcome(欢迎)一词是规则动词,不可误用为不规则动词 比:welcome welcomed, welcomed(正) welcome, welcome(误) e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词 比:hit(打) hit, hit(正) hitted, hitted(误) 6 现在分词的变化规则 规则 动词原形 现在分词及发音 一般在动词原形词尾加-ing,-ing发音为 [iN] go push play carry going [5^EuiN] pushing [5puFiN] playing [pleiiN] carrying [5kAriiN] 以不发音的e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing take write leave taking [5teikiN] writing [5raitiN] leaving [5li:viN] 重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果词尾只有一个辅音字母,要将该辅音字母双写,再加-ing cut stop fit begin forget cutting [5kQtiN] stopping [5stCpiN] fitting [5fitiN] beginning [bi5^iniN]forgetting [fE5^etiN] 以ie结尾的动词,要把ie改为y,再加-ing lie die tie lying [5laiiN] dying [5daiiN] tying [5taiiN]
1) 规则变化 情况 例词 读音与说明 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 一般在动词原形后加-ed look call open need looked called opened needed looked [lukt] called [kC:ld] opened [5EupEnd] needed [ni:did] ①-ed在清辅音音素后 发音为〔t〕,在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d] ②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕 后发音为[id] ③但fix的过去式和过去 分词x不双写,为fixed. 以-e结尾的动词加-d move phone hope agree moved phoned hoped agreed moved [mu:vd] phoned [fEund] hoped [hEupt] agreed [E5^ri:d] 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i, 再加-ed study carry try studied studied carried studied [5stQdid] carried [5kArid] tried [traid] 以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed play enjoy stay played enjoyed stayed played [pleid] enjoyed [in5dVCid] stayed [steid] 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed stop plan fit stopped planned fitted stopped [stCpt] planned [plAnd] fitted [5fitid] 以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母, 再加-ed prefer refer preferred referred preferred [prI`f:d] referred [ri5fE:] 2) 不规则变化 英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况。 1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。 例: 原形 过去式 过去分词 cut(切) hit(打) cast(扔) hurt(伤害) put(放) let(让) shut(关) cost(花费) set(放) rid(清除) cut hit cast hurt put let shut cost set rid cut hit cast hurt put let shut cost set rid 2.过去式与过去分词完全同形。 例: 原形 过去式 过去分词 find(找到) pay(支付) leave(离开) lend(借出) meet(遇见) keep(保持) lose(丢失) teach(教) sit(坐) lead(引导) win(赢)除) found paid left lent met kept lost taught sat led won found paid left lent met kept lost taught sat led won 3.动词原形与过去分词同形 例: 原形 过去式 过去分词 come(来) run(跑) become(成为) came ran became come run become 4.动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同。 例: 原形 过去式 过去分词 give(给) fly(飞) drink(喝) see(看见) go(去) know(知道) wear(穿) speak(说) gave flew drank saw went knew wore spoke given flown drunk seen gone known worn spoken 5.过去式和过去分词有两种形式 例: 原形 过去式 过去分词 burn(燃烧) burned burnt burned burnt learn(学习) learned learnt learned learnt smell(闻) smelled smelt smelled smelt spell (拼写) spelled spelt spelled spelt shine (照射) shined shone shined shone leap (跳) leaped leapt leaped leapt 提示 a. beat的过去式与原形同形: 比:beat(打击) beat(过去式) beaten(过去分词) b. lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同 比:lie lied, lied(说谎) lay, lain(躺,位于) c. hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同 比:hang hanged, hanged(处绞刑) hung, hung(挂,吊) d. welcome(欢迎)一词是规则动词,不可误用为不规则动词 比:welcome welcomed, welcomed(正) welcome, welcome(误) e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词 比:hit(打) hit, hit(正) hitted, hitted(误) 6 现在分词的变化规则 规则 动词原形 现在分词及发音 一般在动词原形词尾加-ing,-ing发音为 [iN] go push play carry going [5^EuiN] pushing [5puFiN] playing [pleiiN] carrying [5kAriiN] 以不发音的e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing take write leave taking [5teikiN] writing [5raitiN] leaving [5li:viN] 重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果词尾只有一个辅音字母,要将该辅音字母双写,再加-ing cut stop fit begin forget cutting [5kQtiN] stopping [5stCpiN] fitting [5fitiN] beginning [bi5^iniN]forgetting [fE5^etiN] 以ie结尾的动词,要把ie改为y,再加-ing lie die tie lying [5laiiN] dying [5daiiN] tying [5taiiN]
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