In December 2008, Caroline Kennedy — daughter of the late U.S. President John F. Kennedy—s

In December 2008, Caroline Kennedy — daughter of the late U.S. President John F. Kennedy—sat down, as a frontrunner for the Senate seat in New York, for a televised interview that helped decide the future of her campaign. The result was a disaster.
Her performance wasn’t well received, in part because her speech was full of filler words—“ums,” “ahs” and “you knows.” One listener counted 27 “ums” and 38 “you knows” in the space of five minutes. A few weeks after the interview, Kennedy ended her Senate campaign.
Filler words may seem natural in everyday speech, but they can be deadly in formal presentations. “Using excessive fillers is the most annoying speech habit,” said Susan Ward, a speech specialist. “They take your listener’s attention away often to the point that he doesn’t hear anything you say. Your message is entirely lost.”
Many speakers are afraid of pause. They believe their audience will think they are inarticulate (不善于表达) if they pause to think of what to say next, so they use filler words to avoid the silence. However, a pause is actually more impressive than a filler word. Listeners know that the speaker is thinking, trying to find the right word. Sometimes a pause can actually improve a speech, as when an actor uses a dramatic pause to hold the attention of his audience. A speaker shouldn’t be afraid to pause occasionally during a speech; it shows self-confidence.
It takes some work to cut out filler words. You can begin by taking a few seconds to think about what you want to say the next time you are asked a question. This pause will help you begin powerfully, and it will help you avoid using a filler word.
The same public speaking technique applies when you are shifting from one idea to another. While you may be tempted to fill the silence between ideas with a filler word, remember to allow yourself to pause and think about what you want to say next.
If you need help overcoming your “um” problem, consider asking a family member or a friend to point out when you use filler words. You also could record an upcoming presentation and then watch yourself in action. You may be amazed at how often you say “um” or “uh”!
Although we live in a fast-paced society that seemingly demands instant answers, we must use the pause to our advantage. Finally, we should only speak when we are ready.
【小题1】In the first two paragraphs of the article the writer intends to .A．introduce Caroline Kennedy to readersB．illustrate how deadly filler words can be in the public speechC．explain what filler words areD．remind readers that they should count filler words used in public speeches【小题2】The reason why filler words are considered annoying by speech specialist is that .A．they prevent the listener from focusing on what the speaker is saying.B．they convey the speaker’s superiority to the listener.C．they mean the speaker is not articulate at all.D．they make the speaker appear self-confident.【小题3】When used properly, pauses in speeches can actually .A．give the speaker more credibilityB．hold the attention of the audienceC．show the speaker’s deep insightD．help the audience relax【小题4】Which of the following is NOT suggested as a way to get rid of filler words?A．To have mental training in order to think faster.B．To ask someone else to point out when you use filler words.C．To watch a recording of your own speech.D．To practice thinking for a moment before answering a question.B

(答案→)B 解析：文章大意：我们在讲话过程中会经常用“嗯”、“呃”、“那个”……，我们又怎么才能停止用太多填充词呢？【小题1】B细节理解题。文章第一、二两段用美国已故总统肯尼迪女儿的事例说明了在公共演讲中致命的填充词。故B正确。【小题2】A细节理解题。从第三段的句子：They take your listener’s attention away often to the point that he doesn’t hear anything you say. Your message is entirely lost.可知其原因。故A正确。【小题3】B细节理解题。从文章第四段：Sometimes a pause can actually improve a speech, as when an actor uses a dramatic pause to hold the attention of his audience.可知可知恰当的停顿能够吸引观众的注意力。故B正确。【小题4】A细节理解题。根据文章倒数四段可知作者建议去除填充词的一些方法可以判断出B、C、D符合。故A正确。

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