求新概念2册43课课文

求新概念2册43课课文

n 1929, three years after his
flight over the North Pole, the
American explorer, R.E. Byrd,
successfully flew over the South
Pole for the first time. Though, at
first, Byrd and his men were able
to take a great many photographs
of the mountains that lay below,
they soon ran into serious trouble.
At one point, it seemed certain
that their plane would crash.
It could only get over the
mountains if it rose to 10,000
feet. Byrd at once ordered his
men to throw out two heavy food
sacks. The plane was then able to
rise and it cleared the mountains
by 400 feet. Byrd now knew that
he would be able to reach the
South Pole which was 300 miles
away, for there were no more
mountains in sight. The aircraft
was able to fly over the endless
white plains without difficulty.

Lesson 43 Over the South Pole 飞越南极
标题全称其实是：fly over the South Pole
pole:极点；磁极；电极；杆
正极：positive pole
负极：negative pole
旗杆: a
flagpole
来比较一下over和above的一些区别：
(1)
over和above都可以表示“在…上方”。两个物体是互不接触的。比如：
There is a picture above/over the
fireplace.壁炉上有一张画。
Can you see the helicopter above/over the
palace？你能看见宫殿上方的那架直升机吗？
(2) over也可表示 “在…之上”，两个物体互相接触，有on 和 cover
的意思，而above不能这样用
He put his handkerchief over his face.他用手帕把脸蒙了起来。（不能用above）
She spread a cloth over the table.她把一块布铺在桌子上。（不能用above）
（3）如果要表示“越过”、“翻过”和“飞过”的意思，通常用over。而above多用于表示一种静态的“在…上方”的意思。
If
we can’t go over the mountain, we must go round it. 要是我们无法翻过这座山，我们只能绕山而行。
1. In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the
American explorer, R.E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the
first time.
美国探险家R·E·伯德在飞越北极3年之后，于1929年第一次飞越了南极。
这句话包含两个同位语。three
years after…为 1929的同位语，作插入性的补充说明；R．E．Byrd 作 the American explorer 的同位语。
for the first time:首次；第一次
2. Though, at first, Byrd and his men
were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they
soon ran into serious trouble.
虽然开始时伯德和他的助手们拍下了飞机下面连绵群山的大量照片，但他们很快就陷入了困境。
连词though引导的是让步状语从句，其含义为“虽然……”、“尽管……”。这个从句中的时间状语at
first被单独用逗号隔开了，它如果按正常的词序应放在从句的末尾，但有可能会引起误解。
take a
photograph——拍照片。也可以说成是：take a picture或是take a
photo。Take也是个“万能动词”，组词能力非常强，和某些名词连用时，意义上等于相应的动词：
take a walk 散步
take a
look 看一眼
take a house 租房子
take notes 记笔记
等等。
句子中的lay是动词lie的过去式。表示“处于什么位置”的意思。
lie与lay的区别。①lie作“躺，卧、处于（位置）”解
时，过去式为：lay,过去分词为：lain；②lie作“撒谎”解时，
过去式为：lied,过去分词为：lied；③lay可作“放，摆，搁；产卵”解，其过去式和过去分词均为：laid。
我们来看一个考题：
The books still _____ where I _____ them a month ago.
A: lie,
laid　　　　　　B: lay, laid
C: lied, lain　　　　　 D lain, lied
此题选B。这句话的意思是：上个月前我“放”在那的书现在还“躺”在那里。
Run into trouble的含义与 get into
trouble相似，表示“陷入困境”：
Each time he ran into trouble, he asked his parents for
help.
每当他陷入困境时，他都向他父母求助。
3. At one point, it seemed certain that
their plane would crash.
在有个地方，飞机似乎肯定要坠毁了。
crash 还可以表示电脑死机，如：
My
computer crashed again, and I had to reboot it.
（1）at one
point在此处可以解释为“在有个地方”，但它通常的含义为“在某一时刻”，point指时间上的某一点：
At one point, he made up
his mind to become a painter.
他曾一度下决心要当个画家。
（2）It seemed
certain意思为：看起来肯定。其中it为“先行主语”，真正的主语为that引导的从句。it作先行主语时经常与seem，appear，look 等连用：
It now looks certain that the meeting is going to be put off.
现在似乎可以肯定会议将被推迟。
4. It could only get over the mountains if it rose
to 10,000 feet.
只有在飞至10，000英尺的高度时，它才能飞过这些山头。
5. Byrd at once ordered
his men to throw out two heavy food sacks.
伯德马上命令他的助手们把两个沉重的食物袋扔掉。
Throw out——扔出去。
Sack表示“袋子”。一般是指比较结实的，用来装面粉、煤、食物等的大袋子。
也可以用来表示 “炒鱿鱼” 或 “卷铺盖走人”
6. The plane was then able to rise and it
cleared the mountains by 400 feet.
于是飞机可以上升了，它在离山头400英尺的高度飞越了过去。
Clear和clean
这两个单词大家都非常熟悉了，平时用的也很多。Clean是表示“清洁”，是把脏的东西去除的意思。比如：clean the
table把餐桌擦干净；clean the windows
擦窗户。而clear是指“清理“的意思，也就是说把本来很乱的地方整理一下，拿掉一些东西，使其看起来干净整洁。所以，如果你母亲让你clean the
room的话，那你就赶快去拿擦布擦地板、擦桌子、擦窗户吧。而如果你母亲让你clear the
room，那你就赶快把房间里的东西归归类，不要的东西就扔掉。这样就是clear的动作了。
而课文中clear的意思是“跳越；跨越；飞越”（不接触的）这样的用法比如：
The horse easily cleared the
fence.那匹马轻而易举地跳过了篱笆。
He cleared 2.10 metres.
他跳过了2.10米。
by表示“以……之差”：
I missed the train by ten minutes.
我晚了10分钟，没赶上火车。
He is younger than me by two years.
他比我小两岁。
7. Byrd now knew
that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for
there were no more mountains in sight.
伯德这时知道他能够顺利飞抵300英里以外的南极了，因为前面再没有山了。
for表示“因为”, 是并列连词，引出的是并列句，因此不能置于句首；for
引出的句子只是对前面分句进行补充说明或解释，表示的是间接的原因,时常是推断性的理由；在句子结构上，for 引出的分句要用逗号与前面的一个分句隔开。
例如：
It took them some time to get there, for it was a long way.
in sight表示“在看得见的范围内”、“在可看见之处”：
No man was in sight.
一个人也看不见。
8. The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without
difficulty.
飞机可以毫无困难地飞过这片茫茫无际的白色原野！
without difficulty——毫无困难地
white plains, 白色原野。
因为南极到处覆盖着雪，因此是白色的。