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急求有关 andy warhol 英文资料,急!

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解决时间 2021-11-27 09:27
急求有关 andy warhol 英文资料,急!
最佳答案
下面的内容集中在他的作品和建树上,包括绘画和电影两方面的:

Paintings

By the beginning of the 1960s, Warhol was a very successful commercial illustrator. His detailed and elegant drawings for I. Miller shoes were particularly popular. These illustrations consisted mainly of "blotted ink" drawings (or monoprints), a technique which he applied in much of his early art. Although many artists of this period worked in commercial art, most did so discreetly. Warhol was so successful, however, that his profile as an illustrator seemed to undermine his efforts to be taken seriously as an artist.

In the early 1960s, Warhol tried to exhibit some of his drawings using these techniques in a gallery, only to be turned down. He began to rethink the relationship between his commercial work and the rest of his art. Instead of treating these things as opposites, he merged them, and began to take commercial and popular culture more explicitly as his topic.

Pop Art was an experimental form that several artists were independently adopting; some of these pioneers, such as Roy Lichtenstein, would later become synonymous with the movement. Warhol, who would become famous as the "Pope of Pop", turned to this new style, where popular subjects could be part of the artist's palette. His early paintings show images taken from cartoons and advertisements, hand-painted with paint drips. Those drips emulated the style of successful abstract expressionists (such as Robert Rauschenberg). Eventually, Warhol pared his image vocabulary down to the icon itself—to brand names, celebrities, dollar signs—and removed all traces of the artist's "hand" in the production of his paintings.

To him, part of defining a niche was defining his subject matter. Cartoons were already being used by Lichtenstein, typography by Jasper Johns, and so on; Warhol wanted a distinguishing subject. His friends suggested he should paint the things he loved the most. In his signature way of taking things literally, for his first major exhibition he painted his famous cans of Campbell's Soup, which he claimed to have had for lunch for most of his life.

He loved celebrities, so he painted them as well. From these beginnings he developed his later style and subjects. Instead of working on a signature subject matter, as he started out to do, he worked more and more on a signature style, slowly eliminating the hand-made from the artistic process. Warhol frequently used silk-screening; his later drawings were traced from slide projections. Warhol went from being a painter to being a designer of paintings. At the height of his fame as a painter, Warhol had several assistants who produced his silk-screen multiples, following his directions to make different versions and variations.

Warhol produced both comic and serious works; his subject could be a soup can or an electric chair. Warhol used the same techniques—silkscreens, reproduced serially, and often painted with bright colors—whether he painted celebrities, everyday objects, or images of suicide, car crashes, and disasters (as part of a 1962-1963 series called "Death and Disaster"). The "Death and Disaster" paintings (such as "Red Car Crash", "Purple Jumping Man", "Orange Disaster") transform personal tragedies into public spectacles, and signal the use of images of disaster in the then evolving media.

The unifying element in Warhol's work is his deadpan Keatonesque style—artistically and personally affectless. This was mirrored by Warhol's own demeanor, as he often played "dumb" to the media, and refused to explain his work. The artist was famous for having said that all you need to know about him and his works is already there, "on the surface."

Warhol's work as a Pop Artist has always had conceptual aspects. His series of do it yourself paintings and Rorschach blots are intended as pop comments on art and what art could be. His cow wallpaper (literally, wallpaper with a cow motif) and his oxidation paintings (canvases prepared with copper paint that was then oxidized with urine) are also noteworthy in this context. Equally noteworthy is the way these works—and their means of production—mirrored the atmosphere at Andy's New York "Factory." Biographer Bob Colacello provides some details on Andy's "piss paintings":

Films

Warhol worked across a wide range of media — painting, photography, drawing, and sculpture. In addition, he was a highly prolific filmmaker. Between 1963 and 1968, he made more than sixty films. One of his most famous films, Sleep, monitors poet John Giorno sleeping for six hours. The 35-minute film Blow Job, is one continuous shot of the face of DeVeren Bookwalter supposedly receiving oral sex from filmmaker Willard Maas, although the camera never tilts down to see this. Another, 1964's Empire, consists of eight hours of footage of the Empire State Building in New York City at dusk. The 45-minute film 'Eat consists of a man eating a mushroom for 45 minutes.

Batman Dracula is a 1964 film that was produced and directed by Warhol, without the permission of DC Comics. It was screened only at his art exhibits. A fan of the Batman series, Warhol's movie was an "homage" to the series, and is considered the first appearance of a blatantly campy Batman. The film was until recently thought to have been lost, until scenes from the picture were shown at some length in the 2006 documentary Jack Smith and the Destruction of Atlantis.

Warhol's 1965 film Vinyl is an adaptation of Anthony Burgess' popular dystopian novel A Clockwork Orange. Others record improvised encounters between Factory regulars such as Brigid Berlin, Viva, Edie Sedgwick, Candy Darling, Holly Woodlawn, Ondine, Nico, and Jackie Curtis. Legendary underground artist Jack Smith appears in the film Camp.

His most popular and critically successful film was 1966's Chelsea Girls. The film was highly innovative in that it consisted of two 16 mm films being projected simultaneously, with two different stories being shown in tandem. From the projection booth, the sound would be raised for one film to elucidate that "story" while it was lowered for the other. The multiplication of images evoked Warhol's seminal silk-screen works of the early 1960s. The influence of the film's split-screen, multi-narrative style could be felt in such modern work as Mike Figgis' Timecode and, however indirectly, the early seasons of 24.

Other important films include Bike Boy, My Hustler, and Lonesome Cowboys, a raunchy pseudo-western. These and other titles document gay underground and camp culture, and continue to feature prominently in scholarship about sexuality and art - see, for example, Mathew Tinkom's Working Like a Homosexual (Duke University Press, 2002) or Juan Suarez's Bike Boys, Drag Queens, and Superstars (Indiana University Press, 1996). Blue Movie, a film in which Warhol superstar Viva makes love and fools around in bed with a man for 33 minutes of the film's playing-time, was Warhol's last film as director. The film was at the time scandalous for its frank approach to a sexual encounter. For many years Viva refused to allow it to be screened. It was publicly screened in New York in 2005 for the first time in over thirty years.

After his June 3, 1968 shooting, a reclusive Warhol relinquished his personal involvement in filmmaking. His acolyte and assistant director, Paul Morrissey, took over the film-making chores for the Factory collective, steering Warhol-branded cinema towards more mainstream, narrative-based, B-movie exploitation fare with Flesh, Trash, and Heat. All of these films, including the later Andy Warhol's Dracula and Andy Warhol's Frankenstein, were far more mainstream than anything Warhol as a director had attempted. These latter "Warhol" films starred Joe Dallesandro, who was more of a Morrissey star than a true Warhol superstar.

In order to facilitate the success of these Warhol-branded, Morrissey-directed movies in the marketplace, all of Warhol's earlier avant-garde films were removed from distribution and exhibition by 1972.

Another film, Andy Warhol's Bad, made significant impact as a "Warhol" film yet was directed by Jed Johnson. Bad starred the infamous Carroll Baker, Susan Blond and a young Perry King.

The first volume of a catalogue raisonne for the Factory film archive, edited by Callie Angell, was published in the spring of 2006.
全部回答
Andy Warhol (Andy Warhol ,1928.8.6-1987 .2.22, Hong Kong and Taiwan translated into Andy ‧ Wohe) known as the 20th century arts one of the most famous figures, is the initiator of Pop Art and the leaders of the Pop Art is the most influential artists. He was born in the United States Pennsylvania horse Johannesburg, the descendants of Czech immigrants. Vohor from childhood love of painting, in the Carnegie Institute of Technology (Carnegie Institute of Technology) study. 1949 (21 years old) horse he left Johannesburg to New York to find risen to power and position, and he should understand the visual arts in the United States was on the achievements, we must let people see that he was aware of his presence, many mass media gave him inspiration. 1952 (24 years old) in New York on a commercial advertisement painting by the early success of the business has gradually become famous architect, he designed the cards, window display, commercial advertising illustrations, these experiences have determined his work with the tendency of the commercial style. 1954 (26 years old), Serge Vohor was the first time the United States Institute of Graphic Design Outstanding Achievement Award. 1956 (28 years old) and 1957 (29 years old) for his artistic mentor Club Award and the unique achievements of the highest achievement award. In the 1960s, he began to work for the day-to-day items subject to the performance of the United States reflect the realities of life, he likes to completely abolish art manually, often directly to U.S. dollars, canned boxes, rubbish and pictures of celebrities in a paste canvas, breaking the elegant and popular boundaries.

As the 20th century's most famous pop art representative, and that he "distorted or packaging" a Mao Zedong, Marilyn Monroe, the Velvet Underground band, Coca-Cola, the dollar and on the 5th Channel, in particular his right from the Velvet Underground to content form design, the history of music this band has become the only comparable to the "Beatles" miracle, and the Velvet Underground since then has never stopped them on the world and its culture.

Vohor Pope is not only the leader in the arts, he filmmakers, writers, rock music, publishers, the New York Shejiaojie, arts star-amid revelers artists. Vohor did not work then the concept of European designers, philosophy, personal, and his style reflects the works: pragmatism, commercial, and diversification of humor. "Everyone can become a celebrity for 15 minutes," This is Andy Warhol left to the media age the most optimistic fable, but viewed in the context of the enormous impact of contemporary art, he is far from being 15 minutes the end, whether he was understanding of the times or now, the United States or the world, Andy Warhol has been a legendary figure.
安迪·沃霍尔(Andy Warhol,1928.8.6-1987.2.22,港台地区译为安迪‧沃荷)被誉为20世纪艺术界最有名的人物之一,是波普艺术的倡导者和领袖,也是对波普艺术影响最大的艺术家。他出生于美国宾夕法尼亚州的匹斯堡,是捷克移民的后裔。沃霍尔从小酷爱绘画,曾在卡耐基技术学院(Carnegie Institute of Technology)学习。1949年(21岁)他离开匹斯堡去纽约寻找发迹机会,他明白要在美国的视觉艺术上获得成就,就必须让人们看到他知道他的存在,大众传媒给了他许多启示。 1952年(24岁)他在纽约以商业广告绘画初获成功逐渐成为著名的商业设计师,他设计过贺卡、橱窗展示、商业广告插图,这些经历决定了他的作品具有商业化倾向的风格。1954年(26岁),沃霍尔首次获得美国平面设计学会杰出成就奖。1956年(28岁)和1957年(29岁)他连续获得艺术指导人俱乐部的独特成就奖和最高成就奖。20世纪60年代,他开始以日常物品为作品的表现题材来反映美国的现实生活,他喜欢完全取消艺术创作的手工操作,经常直接的将美钞、罐头盒、垃圾及名人照片一起贴在画布上,打破了高雅与通俗的界限。

作为20世纪波普艺术的最著名代表人物,他“歪曲或包装“过毛泽东,玛丽莲·梦露,the Velvet Underground乐队,可口可乐,美元和Channel五号,尤其是他对the Velvet Underground从内容到形式的设计,令这个乐队成了音乐史上唯一可以媲美“披头士“的奇迹,而the Velvet Underground自此就没有停止过他们对这个世界及其文化的影响。

沃霍尔除了是波普艺术的领袖人物,他还是电影制片人、作家、摇滚乐作曲者、出版商,是纽约社交界、艺术界大红大紫的明星式艺术家。沃霍尔的作品没有欧洲设计师那么观念化、哲学化、个人化,他的作品风格体现出了:实用主义、商业主义、多元化、幽默性。“每个人都能当上15分钟的名人”,这是安迪·沃霍尔留给媒体时代最乐观的寓言,但以其对当今艺术的巨大影响而言,他自己的15分钟还远未结束,无论是当时他所处的时代还是现在,对于美国还是世界,安迪·沃霍尔都是个传奇人物。

Andy Warhol (Andy Warhol ,1928.8.6-1987 .2.22, Hong Kong and Taiwan translated into Andy ‧ Wohe) known as the 20th century arts one of the most famous figures, is the initiator of Pop Art and the leaders of the Pop Art is the most influential artists. He was born in the United States Pennsylvania horse Johannesburg, the descendants of Czech immigrants. Vohor from childhood love of painting, in the Carnegie Institute of Technology (Carnegie Institute of Technology) study. 1949 (21 years old) horse he left Johannesburg to New York to find risen to power and position, and he should understand the visual arts in the United States was on the achievements, we must let people see that he was aware of his presence, many mass media gave him inspiration. 1952 (24 years old) in New York on a commercial advertisement painting by the early success of the business has gradually become famous architect, he designed the cards, window display, commercial advertising illustrations, these experiences have determined his work with the tendency of the commercial style. 1954 (26 years old), Serge Vohor was the first time the United States Institute of Graphic Design Outstanding Achievement Award. 1956 (28 years old) and 1957 (29 years old) for his artistic mentor Club Award and the unique achievements of the highest achievement award. In the 1960s, he began to work for the day-to-day items subject to the performance of the United States reflect the realities of life, he likes to completely abolish art manually, often directly to U.S. dollars, canned boxes, rubbish and pictures of celebrities in a paste canvas, breaking the elegant and popular boundaries.

As the 20th century's most famous pop art representative, and that he "distorted or packaging" a Mao Zedong, Marilyn Monroe, the Velvet Underground band, Coca-Cola, the dollar and on the 5th Channel, in particular his right from the Velvet Underground to content form design, the history of music this band has become the only comparable to the "Beatles" miracle, and the Velvet Underground since then has never stopped them on the world and its culture.

Vohor Pope is not only the leader in the arts, he filmmakers, writers, rock music, publishers, the New York Shejiaojie, arts star-amid revelers artists. Vohor did not work then the concept of European designers, philosophy, personal, and his style reflects the works: pragmatism, commercial, and diversification of humor. "Everyone can become a celebrity for 15 minutes," This is Andy Warhol left to the media age the most optimistic fable, but viewed in the context of the enormous impact of contemporary art, he is far from being 15 minutes the end, whether he was understanding of the times or now, the United States or the world, Andy Warhol has been a legendary figure.
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