that day与on the day用法的区别

如题。请举例说明。

It was a cold winter day in 1900. ( )he could have no breakfast or lunch.
括号内应该用哪个？是选择题。我不能确定。
注意是on the day而不是on that day 先谢谢各位的热心帮助了

用法上稍有区别，that day 既可作主语、宾语、也可做时间状语； 而 on the day 只能做状语，做状语时两个可以互换。
that day 中， that是形容词，day 名词，所以它是一个名词词组 -- 那天
on the day 中， on 介词，the day 特定的一天，因有定冠词the， 翻译是一样的

举例说明：

That day will be the happiest day in my life.
那一天将是我一生中最幸福的一天。
that day 做主语 （不能用 on the day 代替）

I will remember that day forever. 我会永远记住那一天的。
这里的that day 是宾语 （不能用 on the day 代替）

I remembered what happened that day. 我记起那天发生的事了。
that day 是状语 （可以用 on the day 代替）

回答楼主的补充提问：
It was a cold winter day in 1900. ( )he could have no breakfast or lunch.
这里以为是做状语用，that day 和 on the day 都可以用。但如果选择一个，我会选that day。 应为on the day 放在句尾的情况为多，而且与that day比较，有强调“在”（那天）的含义。而that day就让整个句子流畅很多，只是说那一天。。。

括号中用on that day. 就像你不能说 tuesday he could..., 你要说 on tuesday he could...同理，on that day he could have no breakfast or lunch.

that day那天 on the day也可理解为“那天”，强调某一天，后往往跟定语修饰，如： I visited her that day.那天我拜访了她。 I was happy on the day I visited her.我拜访她那天很高兴。 有问题继续问！

The team turned up trumps on the day. 那个队这一天的成绩好得出乎意料。 To our great disappointment, it rained on the day of the picnic. 使我们大失所望的是野餐那天下起雨来了。 Flags were (flown) at half-mast everywhere on the day of the king's funeral. 国王安葬那天各处都下了半旗。 Ironically, most people came to watch the match on the day it poured with rain. 老天爷好像成心捉弄人，很多人前来看比赛却偏偏下起瓢泼大雨。 It rained on the day we arrived, but the following day was sunny. 我们到达的那天正下雨，但次日天气晴朗。 Flags were at half mast everywhere on the day of the president's funeral. 总统葬礼那天，全国到处降半旗致哀。 He had the misfortune to fall ill on the day of the examination. 他很倒霉，在考试当天生病了。 on the day 多用在过去时的句子 that day 就既可以用在过去时，也可以有将来时，而且用法比较广 I slept soundly that day. 我那一天睡得很熟。 I went no farther that day. 我今天没有取得进展 That day will suit. 这天可以。 from that on... 从那天起，