快要考GMAT啦可是AWA还是搞不明白七宗

快要考GMAT啦可是AWA还是搞不明白七宗

GMAT写作题目中常见的逻辑漏洞和考察方向被考生们成为GMAT写作七宗罪，掌握这几个常见考点，就可以在考试中快速的找到写作切入点，避免跑题。
第一宗罪：无因果联系，是指作者给出的解释和得出的结论没有因果上的联系，或者是二者毫不相关。
第二宗罪：样本不足，是指给出的论据或例子不充分，不足以说明某个问题，不能支撑作者得出这样的结论。
第三宗罪: 错误类比，即把毫不相关的两个事物拿来作比较，并由此得出一些结论。
第四宗罪：时地全等，主要是指没有用发展的观点看待问题，拿过去的事例和现在的作对比，并由此得出结论。
第五宗罪：二者择一，即限制了结论的范围，按照非此即彼的观点得出结论。
第六宗罪：可疑调查，指作者提供的证据是片面的或者是有限的，不能保证结论的顺利推出。
第七宗罪：结论无据，指得出的结论是毫无根据的，或者是前面的假设是不能成立的。
在利用七宗罪进行写作的时候一定要注意这些逻辑错误的攻击点在哪里，掌握GMAT写作的主要反驳方法，这样能使文章的论证更加充分，有理有据。
但是，了解写作七宗罪并不代表一定能写出高水平的文章，在进行GMAT写作时还必须明确自己的写作思路。GMAT 写作侧重的是考生对题干的理解和分析能力，而非是对某一问题的看法或了解程度，所以考生在备考之初要明确的写作目的，然后找到思路拓展的方向，这样才能有重点的进行方法的学习。
如果文章无法全面的表达自己的观点或者看法，是无法得到高分的。在确定了写作主题以后，还必须要搞清楚接下来该怎么写？这些内容会对文章主题有什么帮助？这个论证点为什么重要？这几个问题直接关系着文章的思路和行文布局，考生想明白这几个问题就能轻松确定文章思路，把控好文章的结构和方向。在练习的时候，请注意观点之间的衔接，不要让它被孤立，并且要注意观点或论点前后的衔接。

AWA不计入GMAT总分，只需要套七宗罪模板就行啦。
第一宗罪：无因果联系
The author commits a fallacy of causal oversimplification. The line of the reasoning is that because A occurred before B, the former event is responsible for the latter. (The author uses the positive correlation between A and B to establish causality. However, the fact that A coincides with B does not necessarily prove that A caused B.) But this is fallacious reasoning unless other possible causal explanations have been considered and ruled out. For example, perhaps C is the cause of these events or perhaps B is caused by D.
第二宗罪 Insufficient-sample
The evidence the author provides is insufficient to support the conclusion drawn from it. One example is logically unsounded to establish a general conclusion (The statistics from only a few recent years are not necessarily a good indicator of future trends), unless it can be shown that A1 is representative of all A. It is possible that.... In fact, in face of such limited evidence, the conclusion that B is completely unwarranted.
第三宗罪: 错误类比 (based on a false analogy )<横向>
The argument rests on the assumption that A is analogous to B in all respects. This assumption is weak, since although there are points of comparison between A and B, there is much dissimilarity as well. For example, A..., however, B.... Thus, it is likely much more difficult for B to do....
第四宗罪 all things are equal<纵向>
The author commits the fallacy of “all things are equal”. The fact that happened two years ago is not a sound evidence to draw a conclusion that.... The author assumes without justification that the background conditions have remained the same at different times or at different locations. However, it is not clear in this argument whether the current conditions at AA are the same as they used to be two years ago. Thus it is impossible to conclude that....
第五宗罪 Either-Or choice
The author assumes that AA and BB are mutually exclusive alternatives and there is no room for a middle ground. However, the author provides no reason for imposing an either-or choice. Common sense tells us that adjusting both AA and BB might produce better results.
第六宗罪 survey is doubtful
The poll cited by the author is too vague to be informative. The claim does not indicate who conducted the poll, who responded, or when, where and how the poll was conducted. (Lacking information about the number of people surveyed and the number of respondents, it is impossible to access the validity of the results. For example, if 200 persons were surveyed but only 2 responded, the conclusion that...would be highly suspect. Because the argument offers no evidence that would rule out this kind of interpretations,) Until these questions are answered, the results of the survey are worthless as evidence for the conclusion.
第七宗罪 gratuitous assumption
The author falsely depends on gratuitous assumption that.... However, no evidence is stated in the argument to support this assumption. In fact, this is not necessarily the case. For example, it is more likely that.... Therefore, this argument is unwarranted without ruling out such possibility
考前做几个例题，看下注解就可以了