Manners nowadays in metropolitan cities like London are practically non-existence, it’s no

Manners nowadays in metropolitan cities like London are practically non-existence, it’s nothing for a big, strong schoolboy to elbow an elderly woman aside in the dash for the last remaining seat on the tube or bus, much less stand up and offer his seat to her.
This question of giving up seats in public transport is much argued by young men, who say that, since women have claimed equality, they no longer deserve to be treated with courtesy 礼貌、谦让) and that those who go out to work should take their turn in the rat race like anyone else. Women have never claimed to be physically as strong as men. Even if it is not agreed, however, that young men should stand up for younger women, the fact remains that courtesy should be shown to the old, the sick and the burdened. Are we really so lost to all ideals of unselfishness that we can sit there indifferently reading the paper or a book, saying to ourselves “First come, first severed”, while a grey-haired woman, a mother with a young child stands? Yet this is all too often seen.
Older people, tired and quick-tempered from a day's work, are not angels, either-far from it. Many a brisk argument or an insulting quarrel breaks out as the weary queues push and shove each other to get on buses and tubes. One cannot commend this, of course, but on does feel there is just a little more excuse.
If cities are to remain pleasant places to live in at all, however, it seems imperative（迫切的）, not only that communications in transport should be improved, but also that communication between human beings should be kept smooth and polite. All over cities, it seems that people are too tired and too rushed to be polite. Shop assistant's won't bother to assist, taxi drivers growl at each other as they dash dangerously round corners, bus conductors pull the bell before their desperate passengers have had time to get on or off the bus, and so on and so on. It seems to us that it is up to the young and strong to do their small part to stop such deterioration（恶化）.
【小题1】What is the writer's opinion concerning courteous manners towards women?A．Since women have claimed equality, they no longer need to be treated differently from men.B．It is generally considered old-fashioned for young men to give up their seats to young women.C．Lady First should be universally practiced.D．Special consideration ought to be shown to them.【小题2】According to the passage communication between human beings would not be smoother unless .A．people were more considerate towards each otherB．people were not so tired and quick-temperedC．women were treated with more courtesyD．public transport could be improved.【小题3】The author probably does NOT agree that in big cities .A．Life will be even worse if no change is madeB．transport conditions are rather poorC．it’s not uncommon to see people quarrel in public placesD．it’s unreasonable to require the tired people to be polite【小题4】The main purpose of the author is to .A．call on people in big cities to pay more attention to politenessB．blame the schoolboys’ rude behavior towards elderly women on the tube or busC．criticize the fast pace of city lifeD．tell young men to give their seats to elderly people【小题5】How could you describe the tone of this passage? A．acceptableB．opponentC．negativeD．encouragingD

(答案→)D 解析：本篇为议论文，谈论的是大城市人们缺乏礼貌，道德标准下降的问题。文章第一句就指出了大都市里礼貌几乎荡然无存了。第二、三、四段则详细论述了这种情况。最后作者呼吁人们应该做点什么使人们的交往和谐客气一些，不要让城市居住环境继续恶化。【小题1】细节理解题。第二段第一句说很多年轻男子认为既然女性已经要求平等，出来工作了，在公共场合就不应再受到特别的礼遇。第二句就说女性从来没有宣称她们和男人一样强壮。而接下来文章又提到还是应该对那些年老的，病弱的和负重的人礼貌，可知作者是不同意那些年轻人的观点的。本题易误选B。【小题2】细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到人们之间的交往应该和谐客气，但是人们似乎都太疲乏太匆忙以致无法礼貌些。后面列举了些例子。由最后一段第二句可知B不对；C只是人们礼貌的一部分，不全面；交通状况不好并不能作为借口，所以D也不对。【小题3】细节理解题。作者在倒数第二段中说大人们一天工作后，又累又烦，在挤公车时很容易就发生争执，甚至吵架，但是在倒数第三段中又说到交通状况很差，但是不应作为不礼貌的借口。由此可知B、C都是作者同意的；最后一段第一句表明了A也是作者所同意的观点。【小题4】主旨大意题。文章第一句就指出大都市里礼貌几乎荡然无存了。然后列举种种状况。文章最后作者希望那些年轻力壮的人尽他们的小职责来阻止这种恶化。通读全文可知作者的目的还是在呼吁大城市里的人们更注意礼貌。B、C偏离了原文主旨；D不全面。【小题5】态度判断题。由文末的点睛之笔可知作者的最终态度仍是从正面激励人们去提高社会道德意识。

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