radiation 和irradiation有何异同

radiation 和irradiation有何异同

radiation
n.
放射,辐射; 发射; 发光
放射物; 辐射线[能]
散射器
【生】辐射形;【测】射出测量法;【医】射线疗法
语义扩展; 语义推演
irradiation
n.
放射,照射
阐明,启发; 启迪
【物】光渗; 光线; 辐照[射]
【医】照射
扩散
这样看不出来什么区别吧?
其实通俗一点讲 虽然两词都有照射的意思 但是radiation是 "主动"的发出照射的一方,而irradiation强调 "被动"被照射的物体,那个被照射的也可以说是 have been irradiated.
Radiation is emitted from something and travels from its point of origin to somewhere else.
When radiation hits something else (and is therefore stopped) the thing that has been hit is said to have been irradiated.
举个例子
A sunbather is undergoing irradiation by radiation emitted by the sun.

区别是：
前者是辐射的过程，后者是辐射（射线）这种物质本身。
例句辨析：
irradiation
1、The technique has been to mutate the genes by irradiation or chemicals.
该技术是通过放射线照射或者使用化学方法使基因变异。
2、Early lesions can be successfully treated with irradiation or cautery and curettage.
早期病变可以有效地用放射线或烧灼术和刮除术来治疗。
3、The effects of irradiation on spirulina were studied in this paper.
本文研究了辐照对螺旋藻的杀菌效果。
radiation
1、They suffer from health problems and fear the long term effects of radiation.
他们遭受着健康问题的困扰并且害怕辐射的长期影响。
2、The satellite will study energy radiation from stars.
这颗人造卫星将用来研究恒星的能量辐射。
3、If the cancer returns, radiation therapy is successful in 90 per cent of cases.
如果癌症复发，放射性疗法有90%的治愈率。