定从中引导词that和which的区别

定从中引导词that和which的区别

一 关系代词that的使用
1.先行词是all,anything,everything,nothing等,关系代词应用that?
That’s all that I know.
2.先行词前有the only,the same,the very 或no,little,much,any,every,all 等修饰时,关系代词应用that?
This is the only reason that I can say.
3.先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词常用that?
The first thing that we should do is to help him.
4.当先行词同时含有"人"或"物"时,关系代词应用that?
Can you see a man and his horse that are crossing the bridge?
5.在固定结构the same...that...; so...that...; such...that...以及it is/was...that...的强调句型中,须用that?
This is the same museum that you once visited.
6.如主句以there be开头时,关系代词应用that?
There is a house that has two windows.
7.当一个句子中含有两个定语从句时,如前一个已用关系代词which,后一个关系代词宜用that,避免重复?但两个定语从句的结构如果平行,应重复同一个关系代词?
I’ll borrow a book which tells about the heroic deeds that the PLA did in the battles against the invaders.
He told me to read a book that is very short,and that is very interesting.
8.that还可引导同位语从句,which则不能?
He told me the news that they would come to see me.
二 关系代词which的使用
1.非限制性定语从句中关系代词一般要用which?
She was awarded a gold medal,which the whole family considered a GREat honour.
2.关系代词前如有介词,关系代词须用 which?如把介词移至句末,可用that(或省略)?
There’s only one problem about which they disaGREe.
This is the book(that)she was looking for.
3.如果先行词是that,关系代词应用 which?
I have that which you gave me.
4.如先行词和定语从句之间被其它较长的成分分隔,常用which?
Larry told her the story of the young airman which I narrated at the beginning of this book.(先行词为story)
5.在"those+复数形式的名词"结构中,其后的关系代词多用which?
A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.
6.一个句子中如有两个定语从句,第一个定语从句用了关系代词that,第二个从句中的关系代词宜用which?但在平行结构中,应重复同一个关系代词?
This is the book that you bought which you have lost.
I have a house which is located on the hillside,which faces the south.

使用that的情况：
1.当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代词时。 e.g. Do you have anything that is important to tell me?
2.当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修饰时。 e.g. I have some books that are very good. 3.当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。
e.g. This is the first book that I bought myself. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird. 4.主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时 e.g. Which is the bike that you lost?
Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting.
5.当先行词在从句和主句中都作表语时,无论先行词是人还是物. China is no longer the country that she was.
6.如有两个定语从句,其中一个已用which引导,另一个宜用that .
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. 7.在there be句型中,只用that.
He asked for the latest book (that) there is on the subject. 8.当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时。 e.g. This is the very book that I lost yesterday. 9.当先行词又有人又有物时。
e.g. I won’t forget the things and the persons that I saw. 只能使用which的情况。
1、非限制性定语从句中。
e.g. Mary has a book, which is very precious. 2、在介词之后。
e.g. This is a house in which lives an old man. 3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。
e.g. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.