阅读理解Manyofthepeoplewhoappearmostoftenandmostgloriouslyinhistorybooksa

阅读理解 Many of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all.We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors.It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight; so do savages; hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage（野人） is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently—this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done—is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized people ought to be able to find some way of setting their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And not only has it won, but because it has won, it had been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might（权利） is right.1.The author thinks that the conquerors and generals and soldiers ________.A.only appear glorious in history booksB.are greater than any other peopleC.are not as great as described in history booksD.do not really help civilization forward2.As it is indicated in the passage, the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier is put on the highest pillars in the great cities of the world mainly because ________.A.people respect them very muchB.they fought bravely to protect their citiesC.people think they fought too brutally（野蛮地）D.they conquered many cities and countries3.What is the writer’s attitude towards the countries that ruled over a large number of other countries ?A.Positive.B.Critical.C.Ironic.D.Respectful.4.The author says that civilized people________.A.should not have any quarrels to settleB.should not fight when there are no quarrels to settleC.should settle their quarrels without fightingD.should settle their quarrels by killing the other side

DABC解析文章讲述的是通过战争，通过屠杀，通过暴力来获得的成功都是不文明的，文明的人不会通过打斗在解决问题。1.推理判断题，根据第一段可知，真正推动历史前进的人都没有被提到，所以提到的不是真正推动历史进步的人。2.推理判断题，根据第二段People think a great deal of them可知，人们对他们评价很高，尊重他们3.推理判断题，根据最后一段可知作者认为这些做法都是不文明的，所以作者的态度是批评性的。4.事实细节题，根据最后一段and civilized people ought to be able to find some way of setting their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won可知

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