英语中谓语就前原则和就近原则的有些什么?

英语中谓语就前原则和就近原则的有些什么?

1. 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.
2. 当either… or… 与neither… nor， 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。 如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。 如：
Either you or she is to go.
Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.
3. 谓语动词与前面的主语一致
当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 如：
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.

也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。 . 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。e.g. 　　①in the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。 　　②there is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。 　　ii. 非正式文体中： 　　有时依“就近一致原则”，但也可依“意义一致原则”或严格地依“语法一致原则”。e.g. 　　neither she nor i were there (意义一致) 我和他当时都不在那儿。（非正式） 　　neither she nor i was there .（就近一致）（译文同上句）（正式） 　　但是，如果依“就近一致原则”而与其他两项原则相矛盾时，则常常认为是不太合符规范的。e.g. 　　no one except his own supporters agree with him .仅他自己的支持者同意他的意见。（依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则；但语法上，“no one ”才是主语，谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。 　　【就远原则】 　　谓语动词与前面主语一致 　　代表词汇：as well as；（together/along）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart from 　　e.g：he rather than i is right. 　　nobody but two students is in the classroom.