almost与nearly的区别

almost与nearly的区别

二、almost和nearly的差异

1．句法上的差异
(1)almost可以用在any及否定词“no, no one, nobody, never, nothing, none, nowhere 等的前面，而nearly则不可以。eg：
There is almost no leadership at all．(不可用nearly)
但是，nearly可以用在否定词not之后，起加强否定陈述的作用，而almost则不可以。eg：
It's not nearly so nice． We don't do nearly enough to help．
(2)almost可以用在以—ly结尾的副词的前面，而nearly则不可以。eg：
She said it almost crossly． Your boss is almost certainly there．
(3)almost可以用在like之前，表示“相似，但不完全相同”或避免说得过于肯定；nearly则不可以。eg：
It made me feel almost like a hostess．
(4)very，so，pretty可以用在nearly前面，却不可用在almost前面。eg：
We were very nearly at the end Of our journey．
...the American who so nearly won the Open Championship in 1970．
I've pretty nearly finished．

2．语义上的细微差异
一般情况下，“It's almost five o'clock．”和“It's nearly five o'clock．”意思大致相同；但有时almost所表示的意思比nearly更接近一些。试比较：
It's nearly ten o'clock．(=perhaps 9．45) .It's almost ten o'clock．(=perhaps 9．57)

3．语用上的差异
almost是一个“纯”程度副词，而nearly则不然，它同时还传达说话人的某种思想情绪和心理状态。eg：
It's nearly eight kilometers to the ZOO．
到动物园还有将近八公里呢。(比设想的要远些)
It cost me nearly twenty pounds．
它花了我将近20英镑呢。(比估计的价格高，嫌贵了一些)

虽然我还没搞懂= =、

一、可换用的情形两者都可用来修饰不定代词、形容词、副词、动词、介词短语等，此时两者常可换用。如：It’s almost [nearly] impossible. 那几乎是不可能的。He is almost [nearly] as tall as her. 他差不多与她一样高。He almost [nearly] always arrives late. 他差不多总是迟到。He fell and almost [nearly] broke his leg. 他跌了一跤，险些跌断了腿。Almost [Nearly] all the students passed the exam. 差不多所有的学生都通过了考试。修饰动词时，通常应放在行为动词之前，非凡动词之后(见上例)；修饰形容词、副词、名词等时，通常应将其放在被修饰词语之前，否则会造成错误。如：他几乎工作了一整天。正：He worked almost all day.误：He almost worked all day.我们当中几乎每一个人都读过这本书。正：Almost every one of us read the book.误：Every one of us almost read the book.二、必须用almost的情形1．almost 可用于 any 以及 no, none, nobody, nothing, never 等否定词之前，但 nearly 一般不这样用。如：Almost any man can do it. 几乎任何人都会做。Almost no one came to the party. 几乎没有人来参加晚会。I almost never see her. 我几乎从未见过她。但是，两者都可用在否定动词之前。如：He almost [nearly] didn’t catch the bus. 他差点没赶上公共汽车。2. 有时 almost 可表示十分相似(但又不完全相同)，此时不用 nearly。如：I almost wish I’d stayed at home. 我真有点后悔没在家里呆着。Our cat understand everything — he’s almost human. 我们这只猫什么都懂——快通人性了。三、必须用nearly的情形nearly 前可用 very, pretty, not 等词修饰，但 almost 之前不能用这些词。如：It’s not nearly so difficult as you think.这远不像你想`象的那么难。The car is pretty nearly new. 这汽车几乎是全新的。注：not nearly 意为“远非”, very [pretty] nearly 意为“几乎”，都是习语。