Given Australia’s size and the fact that early settlements were far apart, Australian soci

Given Australia’s size and the fact that early settlements were far apart, Australian society is remarkably homogeneous (同种的). Its citizens are fundamentally prosperous and the way of life in the major cities and towns is much the same however many miles divide them. It takes a sharp ear to identify regional accents. However, there is some difference in lifestyle between city dwellers and the country people. Almost 90 per cent of the population lives in the fast-paced cities along the coast and has little more than a passing familiarity with the desert. The major cities preserve pockets of colonial heritage, but the overall impression is modern, with new buildings reflecting the country’s youth. In contrast, the rural communities tend to be slow-moving and conservative. For many years, Australia was said to have “ridden on the sheep’s back”, a reference to wool being the country’s main money earner. However, the wool industry is no longer dominant. Much of Australia’s relatively sound economy is now achieved from natural coal and wheat, and by being the largest diamond producer in the world. Newer industries such as tourism and wine making are also increasingly important. Australians are generally friendly and relaxed, with a self-deprecating sense of humor. On the whole, Australia is a society without hierarchies (等级制度), an attitude generally held to stem from its prisoner beginnings.
Yet, contrary to widespread belief, very few Australians have true prisoner origins. Within only one generation of the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788, Australia had become a nation of immigrants. Originally coming almost entirely from the British Isles, today one in three Australians comes from elsewhere. Australia’s liberal postwar immigration policies led to an influx of survivors from war-torn Europe, most notably Greeks, Italians, Poles and Germans.
The emphasis has shifted in recent years and today the majority of new immigrants are from Southeast Asia. Today Australia is a ‘blend of nations’ and although some racism exists, it has generally been a successful experiment and the country is justifiably proud to have one of the most harmonious multicultural communities in the world.
【小题1】What does the writer mean by saying “It takes a sharp ear to identify regional accents.” in the first paragraph?A．Australians speak Standard English with no local accents whatsoever.B．You have to practice a lot to learn to understand the different accents.C．The Australian regional accents are very difficult to understand indeed.D．There is not much difference between the accents in different areas of Australia.【小题2】Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A．Most Australians have ancestors who were prisoners.B．The Australian economy is dependent on sheep exports.C．The majority of people living in Australia come from Europe.D．The pace of life is different in the city and in the country.【小题3】The underlined pronoun ‘it’ in the final paragraph refers to “ ”.A．CommunityB．racismC．blend of NationsD．Southeast Asia【小题4】We can infer from the passage that .A．there are no signs of Australia’s colonial past in its modern citiesB．Australia’s recent immigration policy encourages immigrants from Southeast AsiaC．immigrants from Southeast Asia have brought racial problemsD．“riding on sheep’s back” resulted in slow development in rural communities【小题5】This passage mainly focuses on Australia’s .A．societyB．economyC．racial problemsD．historyD

(答案→)D 解析：文章介绍了澳大利亚社会的各个方面，经济，移民，生活等。【小题1】猜测句意题。根据下一句However, there is some difference in lifestyle between city dwellers and the country people.与上文形成转折关系，下文说在城市和乡下生活方式有差别，说明上文的口音方面差别不大。【小题2】细节题。根据第5行90 per cent of the population lives in the fast-paced cities和第8行In contrast, the rural communities tend to be slow-moving and conservative.可知城市生活和乡村生活是不一样的。【小题3】猜测词义题。根据句意可知尽管澳大利亚存在着种族问题，但是它是一个多民族融合的国家。民族的融合是一个成功的实验，整个国家也以此为荣。【小题4】推理题。根据文章最后一段第一行The emphasis has shifted in recent years and today the majority of new immigrants are from Southeast Asia.可知现在的澳大利亚强调东南亚的移民。故B正确。【小题5】主旨大意题。文章介绍了澳大利亚社会的各个方面，经济，移民，生活等。

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