详细讲讲NEED的用法

详细讲讲NEED的用法

“need”双重角色的用法及其区别

“need”既可以作情态动词，也可以作实义动词，但是它们的用法不同。

作为情态动词的“need”的用法与其他情态动词“can”，“may”，“must”的用法基本相同：在限定动词词组中总是位居第一，没有非限定形式，即没有不定式、-ing分词或-ed分词等形式；第三人称单数现在时没有词形变化；情态动词之间是相互排斥的，即在一个限定动词词组中只能有一个情态动词。下面是“need”作为情态动词的用法：

一、need表示“需要”或“必须”，通常用于否定句和疑问句。例如：

1．You needn't do it again．你不需要再做了。

2．He needn't worry about it．这件事他无需担心。

3．Need he do this homework first？他需要先做这些作业吗？

4．Need they fill in the form？他们需要填表吗？

二、在否定句中，可以用need的否定形式＋不定式完成体。例如：

1．We needn't have worried．其实我们不必要慌。

2．You needn't have mentioned it．你本来不必提起这件事。

3．You needn't have said that when he asked．当他问的时候，你其实不必要说。

三、needn't后的不定式间或也能用进行式或被动语态。例如：

1．He needn't be standing in the rain．他不必要站在雨中。

2．We needn't be waiting in this place．我们不必要在这儿等。

3．The hedges needn't be trimmed thisweek．本周树蓠不必要整修。

“need”作为实义动词时，通常用法是：

人＋need ＋to do

物＋need ＋doing

物＋need ＋to be done

另外，“need”后还可以直接跟名词。请看下面的例子：

1．We need to collect the parcel before we leave for England．去英国之前，我们需要收拾好行李。

2．We need to tell him the truth．我们需要告诉他真相。

3．My car needs repairing．我的汽车需要修理。

4．The flowers need watering．这些花需要浇水。

5．His leather shoes needs to be mended．他的皮鞋需要修补。

6．Her room needs cleaning．她的房间需要打扫。

7．It is aquestion that needs very careful consideraton．这是一个需要慎重考虑的问题。

一．用作实义动词 作为实义动词，need后面的宾语可以是名词、动名词、动词不定式或代词，这种情况下，need既可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句和疑问句，构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do或does. 1．need sth. 这是need最常见的用法之一，其后的宾语可以是名词，也可以是代词。如： 1). we need a great deal of money now. 我们需要和多钱。 2). they don’t it any more. 他们不再需要它了。 3). does your father need any help? 你爸爸需要帮助吗? 2．need doing 与 need to be done need后面可跟动名词作宾语，这种情况下应注意两点： ①.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义； ②.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如： 4). the door needs painting. = the door needs to be painted. 那扇门需要油漆一下。 5). your car needs mending. = your car needs to be repaired. 你的车需要维修了。 3．need to do sth. 作为实义动词，need后面需要接带to的动词不定式,表示有义务或责任去做某事。如： 6). what do we need to take for the picnic? 野餐我们需要带些什么？ 7). will we need to show our passports? 我们需要出示护照吗？ 8). you need to take good care of your mother. 你要好好照料你妈妈。 二．用作情态动词 作为情态动词的need具有情态动词的一般性质，要充分阐释作为情态动词的need的用法，务必首先说明白情态动词的特征。情态动词的主要特征： ①．没有人称和数的变化。不论主语是第几人称，不论主语是单数还是复数，情态都词都无形式变化； ②．不能单独充当谓语。情态动词必须与一个实义动词一起构成复合谓语，并且这个实意动词要始终是动词原形。 ③．变为否定句时只需在情态动词之后加not。 ④．变为疑问句时只需将情态动词提到主语的前面。 这是情态动词的共性，作为情态动词的need当然也具有这些共性。了解了这些还不够，还要掌握作为情态动词need的一个个性，就是它只能用于否定句和疑问句，或用于由if或whether引导的宾语从句中，一般不能用于肯定句。理解了这些之后，我们便可以如此区分need的词性了：只要need后面跟的是动词原形，它就是情态动词。这时，变否定，只需在其后加not；变为疑问句，只需把它移主语的前面。例如： 9). need i type this letter again? 我需要重新录入将这封信吗？ 10). there is enough time. you needn’t hurry. 有的是时间，你不必着急。 11). the president wondered whether he need send more soldiers. 总统不知道他是否要增兵。 12). ---must i hand in my homework now? 现在我必须交作业吗？ ---no, you needn’t. 不，你不必。 三．用作名词 need作为名词，含义为“缺乏，需要”；其复数表示“基本需要”。要掌握两个词组：in (great) need of（急需） 与meet the needs of(满足……的需要)。例如： 13). there’s no need for you to try again. 你不必再尝试了。 14). the factory is in great need of funds. 那家工厂急需资金。 15). this house of the 1790’s can even meet the needs of the 21st century. 这栋18世纪90年代的房子甚至能够满足21世纪的需要。 四 do not need to do sth. need not to do sth. 意味没有必要去做某事. 表示某事还没有做 needn’t have done sth. 意味着原本没有必要做某事,表示某事已经做了.

n. 需要, 必需, 必需品, 要求, 贫困 vt. 需要 modal v.必要, 必须 need need AHD:[n¶d] D.J.[ni8d] K.K.[nid] n.（名词） A lack of something required or desirable: 需要：对想要或期望的事物的缺乏： crops in need of water; a need for affection. 需要水的庄稼；对感情的需要 Something required or wanted; a requisite: 必需品：要求或需要的事物；需要物： Our needs are modest. 我们的必需品是谦虚 Necessity; obligation: 必要；义务： There is no need for you to go. 你没有必要去 A condition of poverty or misfortune: 贫困：贫穷或不幸的状况： The family is in dire need. 这个家庭极为贫困 v.（动词） need.ed， need.ing， needs aux.（助词） To be under the necessity of or the obligation to: 必须要：必须要，有义务要： They need not come. 他们不必来 v.tr.（及物动词） To have need of; require: 需要；想要： The family needs money. 这个家庭需要钱 v.intr.（不及物动词） To be in need or want. 需要，想要 To be necessary. 有必要 Middle English nede 中古英语 nede from Old English n¶¶d} [distress, necessity] 源自 古英语 n¶¶d} [穷困，贫困] need， necessity， exigency， requisite These nouns denote a condition in which something essential is required or wanted; they also refer to that which is required or wanted. 这些名词都指处于对必需品的要求和需求的一种状况；它们也指需要的或要求的东西。 Need is the most general: Need 最普遍： There's no need to be concerned. 没必要担忧。 She is serene and contented; 她很安详、平静； her emotional and spiritual needs are being met. 她感情和精神上的需要都得到了满足。 Necessity more strongly than need suggests urgency, inevitability, or unavoidable obligation: Necessity 比need 更强， 用来指紧迫的、不可避免的或不可躲避的义务： “I think the necessity of being ready increases.—Look to it” (Abraham Lincoln). “我认为做好准备的 紧迫性增加了。——注意” （亚伯拉罕·林肯）。 “The rehabilitation of the cabin became a necessity” (Bret Harte). “小屋的重新修建已是不可避免的了” （布雷特·哈特）。 Exigency implies acute urgency, especially that arising from conditions or circumstances such as those of an emergency: Exigency 指非常紧迫，尤指产生于类似紧急事件的条件或环境： “No . . . more pernicious [doctrine] was ever invented . . . than that any of [the Constitution's] provisions can be suspended during any of the great exigencies of government” (David Davis) “没有…曾经创造的 能比在一次政府的危急关头对 条款的取消更为有害的” （大卫·戴维斯）。 Requisite applies to something indispensable: Requisite 指不可缺少的事物： “a place where the three grand requisites of water, fuel and fodder were to be obtained” (James Fenimore Cooper).See also Synonyms at lack “三种主要必需品，水、燃料和草料都具备的地方” （吉姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀）参见同义词 lack Depending on the sense, the verb need behaves sometimes like an auxiliary verb (such as can or may ) and sometimes like a main verb (such as want or try ). When used as a main verb, need agrees with its subject, takes to before the verb following it, and combines with do in questions, negations, and certain other constructions: 根据语义，动词need 有时当作助动词来使用（如 can 或 may )， 有时象实义动词（如want 或 try )。 当用作实义动词时，need 和主语一致， 把to 放在其后面动词的前面， 在疑问句、否定句或某些特定的造句法上和do 连用： He needs to go. 他想走。 Does he need to go so soon? 他这么快就要走吗? He doesn't need to go. 他不需要走。 When used as an auxiliary verb, need does not agree with its subject, does not take to before the verb following it, and does not combine with do : 当用作助动词时，need 不用和主语一致， 不用把to 放在其后动词的前面， 并且不用和do 连用： He needn't go. 他不必走。 Need he go so soon? 他这么快就要走吗? The auxiliary forms of need are used primarily in present-tense questions, negations, and conditional clauses. They differ subtly in meaning from the main verb forms in that they always refer to an externally imposed obligation. Hence one might say You needn't (or less formally, don't need to ) fill out both forms, but where the sense of necessity is internal to the subject, only the main verb can be used: Need 的助动词形式主要用于现在时态的疑问句、否定句和条件句中。 它们在意思上和用作实义动词的形式有细微的区别，它们总指外部加强的压力。因此我们可以说你没必要 （或不太正规的 don't need to ) 填两份表格 ， 但是对于物体来说需要的意思是内在的，所以只能用实义动词： I don't need to (not needn't ) be told how to manage my own affairs. 我不需要（而不是 needn't ) 被告诉怎知管理自己的事情 。 Note also that the use of need as an auxiliary is often accompanied by a presupposition that the activity in question has in fact been performed. The boys needn't have spoken frankly implies that they did in fact speak frankly, whereas the sentence The boys did not need to speak frankly does not; only the latter could be followed by a clause like they conveyed their meanings by indirection. 还需注意need 用作助动词时经常伴随一个先决条件， 质问的动作事实上已经完成了。那些男孩们本来不需要坦诚相告的 意味着他们事实上已经坦率地说了， 然而这个句子男孩们不需要坦诚地说话 就没有这个意思； 只有后者可以在其后跟这样一个句子，如他们间接地表达他们的意思 need [ni:d] v. （否定形式略写为 needn't） （常与to连用） 需要 Plant needs water. 植物需要水。 He needed all his charm to persuade her that it was not his fault. 他需要使出浑身解数来叫她相信那不是他的错。 My shirt needs a button. 我的衬衫需要一枚钮扣。 She's on holiday; she needed a change from work. 她正在度假,她需要放下工作改变一下生活。 These six kitchens are all needed when the plane is full of passengers. 这六个厨房在飞机载满旅客时都用得着。 You didn't need to tell him the news; it just made him sad. 你无需告诉他这一消息, 那只会使他悲哀。 必须，不得不 You needn't talk so loud. 你不必这么大声讲话。 Need you go so soon? 你非得这么快就走吗？ We need to work harder. 我们必须更加努力工作。 You needn't have told him the news; he knew it already. 你不必再告诉他这个消息，他已经知道了。 need n. 缺乏；缺少；需要 children's need for milk 儿童需要牛奶 The hungry children were in need of food. 这些饥饿的孩子需要食物。 责任；义务 a need for taxes 纳税的义务 No need to go yet, it's still early. 不必走，还早着呢。 必需品 Their need was fresh water. 他们所必需的是淡水。 贫穷；困难 illness, need, and other troubles of the world 疾病、贫困以及世界上其他的烦恼 He is in great need. 他穷得很。 if need be 如果需要 If need be, I can come early tomorrow. 如果需要的话，明天我可早来。

need可以做实义动词和情态动词。 1、实义动词（与别的实义动词如want相同） 单三 needs。 否定 don't need，后接动词的时候为need to do 的形式，表示“需要。。。”；或者need doing “....需要被做”doing 主动表示被动 如：My hair needs cutting.我的头发需要（被）剪了。 2、情态动词 无单三形式。否定：needn't，后面接动词原形，即need do。

n. 1. 需要;必要;需求;要求[S][(+of/for)][+to-v] We have no need to be afraid of them. 我们不必怕他们。 2. 必要之物;需求[P1] 3. 贫穷;困窘;危急[U] My neighbors helped me in my time of need. 我的邻居在我困难的日子帮了我忙。 vt. 1. 需要,有...必要[W][+to-v][+v-ing][O2][O4][O7] The garden needs watering. 花园该浇水了。 I don't think you need to worry about this. 我认为你不必为这事担心。 They need our help. 他们需要我们帮助。 vi. 1. 生活穷困 v.aux. 1. (多用于疑问句和否定句)需要,必须 Need you go so soon? 你需要这么早走吗 ? You needn't trouble about that. 你不必为这费事了。