二. 被动语态变成主动语态。
- 提问者网友:呐年旧曙光
- 2021-04-04 22:35
2.Was he given any bananas?( I )
3.Where were these bikes made by workers ?
4.Basketball wasn’t played on the playground .( thestudents )
5.Iwas heard to sing in the next room .(Tom)
6.That tall building was built three yearsago.(workers)
7.Were your homework finished yesterday ?
8.Planes weren’t made in the factory.(加主语)
9.When were those machines produced?(we)
10.The teachers weren’t listened to by the students .
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- 五星知识达人网友:行雁书
- 2021-04-04 23:56
将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,将主动谓语变为被动谓语
(be+过去分词),将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语):
He broke the cup. → The cup was broken by him.
【注意】若不强调动词执行者,被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略:
1). He was born in 1986.
他生于1986年。
2). What is this flower called?
这种花叫什么花?
- 1楼网友:等灯
- 2021-04-05 02:50
- 2楼网友:北方的南先生
- 2021-04-05 01:14
1. 主动语态变被动语态的基本方法
将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词),将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语):
he broke the cup. → the cup was broken by him.
【注意】若不强调动词执行者,被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略:
he was born in 1986. 他生于1986年。
what is this flower called? 这种花叫什么花?
2. 双宾动词的被动语态
双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词,它们在变为被动语态时,通常是把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语):
he answered me that question. → i was answered that question by him.
有的动词则通常把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语,而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for,与所搭配的动词有关):
he wrote her a letter. → a letter was written to her. (与动词write搭配用介词to)
she made him a new coat. → a new coat was made for him. (与动词make搭配用介词for)
有时以上两种方式均可用:
he gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。
→ she was given some money. / some money was given to him.
he bought her a watch. 他给她买了一块表。
→ a watch was bought for her. / she was bought a watch.
3. 被动语态的时态
被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的动词be来体现,其基本结构和用法如下:
(1) 一般现在时的被动语态:am [is, are]+过去分词
english is taught in our school. 我们学校学英语。
we are taken good care of at school. 我们在学校受到很好的照顾。
(2) 一般过去时的被动语态:was [were]+过去分词
he was taken to the police station. 他被带到了警察局。
the house was built ten years ago. 这座房子是10年前建的。
(3) 一般将来时的被动语态:will be+过去分词
a new building will be built here soon. 不久这里将建一栋新楼。
the meeting will be held at two this afternoon. 会议将于今天下午2点举行。
(4) 现在完成时的被动语态:have [has]been+过去分词
all the work has been done now. 所有的工作现在都做好了。
have the letters been posted? 信都寄了吗?
(5) 过去完成时的被动语态:had been+过去分词
he said the work had been finished. 他说工作已完成了。
(6) 现在进行时的被动语态:am [is, are] being+过去分词
my watch is being repaired by him. 我的表正在由他修理。
the plan is now being discussed. 计划现在正在讨论。
(7) 过去进行时的被动语态:was [were] being+过去分词
he said that the man was being operated on. 他说那个人正在动手术。
he told me that a new station was being built. 他说正在修建一个新车站。
(8) 过去将来时的被动语态:would be+过去分词
he said that the meeting would be held next week. 他说会议将于下周举于。
4. 含有情态动词的被动形式
若主动语态中谓语含有情态动词,在相应的被动语态中通常应保留该情态动词,其结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”:
everyone must know this. →this must be known by everyone.
请看以下带情态动词被动句实例:
this can’t be done in a short time. 这不是短期内可以完成的。
can this be done by machine? 这可以由机器来做吗?
the work must be done at once. 这工作必须马上做了。