Nuclear weapons（核武器）were first developed in the United States during the Second World War

Nuclear weapons（核武器）were first developed in the United States during the Second World War to be used against Germany．However, by the time the first bombs were ready for use, the war with Germany had ended and, as a result, the decision was made to use the weapons against Japan instead．Hiroshima and Nagasaki have suffered the consequences of the decision to the present day.
The real reasons why bombs were dropped on two heavily populated cities are not altogether clear．A number of people in 1944 and early 1945 argued that the use of nuclear weapons would be unnecessary, since American Intelligence was aware that some of the most powerful and influential people in Japan had already realised that the war was lost, and wanted to discuss a Japanese surrender （投降）．It was also argued that, since Japan has few natural resources, a blockade （封锁） by the American navy would force it to surrender within a few Weeks, and the use of nuclear weapons would prove unnecessary．If a demonstration of force was required to end the war, a bomb could be dropped over an unpopulated area like a desert, in front of Japanese observers, or over an area of low population inside Japan, such as a forest．Choosing this course of action might decrease the loss of further lives on all sides, while the power of nuclear weapons would still be adequately demonstrated（展示）．
All of these arguments were turned down, however, and the general agreement was that the quickest way to end the fighting would be to use nuclear weapons against the centres of population inside Japan．In fact, two of the more likely reasons why the decision was reached seem quite shocking to us now．
【小题1】The meaning of the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 is that .A．the two cities were badly damaged after they were bombedB．the two cities suffered because Japan would not agree to end the warC．the terrible effects of dropping nuclear weapons on these cities can still be feltD．the end of the war with Germany meant Hiroshima and Nagasaki, would suffer【小题2】According to Paragraph 2, a blockade would have been successful becauseA．Japan had to import most of its natural resourcesB．Japan would not be powerful enough to beat a blockadeC．an attack would probably destroy Japanese resources within a few weeksD．the Americans could defeat Japan's navy since it was short of resources【小题3】The last paragraph tells that .A．the writer probably expects us hot to argue with his opinionB．the nuclear bombs must have been dropped on Tokyo, tooC．the real reasons for' the decision may never have been made clearD．the writer has not done much research on this subject to establish the facts【小题4】What would probably be discussed in the paragraphs that follow? A．The reasons why Japan chose to surrender．B．The writer's attitudes towards the Japan's surrender.C．People's different opinions about dropping nuclear weapons onto the cities． D．Some of the possible reasons for dropping nuclear weapons onto the cities．C

(答案→)C 解析：【小题1】句意理解题。关键词是suffered the consequences of the decision to the present day.【小题1】推理判断题。根据第二段：It was also argued that, since Japan has few natural resources, a blockadeby the American navy would force it to surrender within a few weeks可知答案。【小题1】段落大意题。根据最后一段最后一句从likely 和seem 可知。【小题1】文章结构题。结合全文和最后一句话中的reasons可知

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