急求一篇建筑类毕业论文 要求8000字

建筑结构不同抗震设计方法的对比分析

I
摘要
近年来建筑结构的抗震研究有了长足进步，多种新的抗震设计思路和方法涌
现出来，特别是基于性能抗震设计思想受到地震工程界的关注。但这些新方法与
现行规范所采用的设计方法（以承载力—延性为联合控制准则）的对比不够深入，
应用到结构设计时的实际控制效果如何有待进一步深入研究，本文针对以上问题
开展了如下工作：
对目前主要使用和研究的几种抗震设计方法的主要内容、特点、研究现状和
发展趋势进行了概述；从抗震设计思想、设防目标、设计过程、抗震措施和性能
评估等方面对现行规范抗震设计方法与基于性能的抗震设计方法进行了比较；以
六度区和八度区五层框架结构为算例，分别按基于位移和现行规范抗震设计方法
进行设计，并通过静力弹塑性分析考察不同方法设计出的框架所体现的具体性能
差异。
通过以上研究得到如下主要结果：①通过方法对比表明，现行规范抗震设计
方法具备了基于性能抗震设计方法的雏形，但仍存在设防目标制定缺乏灵活针对
性、设计过程中对结构的地震反应性能控制不够明确等问题，基于性能的抗震设
计方法能够解决这些问题，有良好的应用前景。②算例分析的结果表明，按基于
位移的方法取不同性能水准进行抗震设计的结构均能够满足各自的性能目标要
求，位于低烈度区的结构对应小、中震性能水准设计时地震力太小基本不起控制
作用，配筋结果没有太大差异，按罕遇地震性能水准进行设计的地震力值略大，
配筋略大，结构的性能控制效果好于前两种框架；位于高烈度区的结构对应三种
性能水准的设计地震力差异明显，其中按罕遇地震性能水准进行设计的结构地震
力最大，配筋最大，结构的性能控制效果最好。故建议在高烈度区如果采用基于
位移的方法进行设计，对破坏控制要求更严格的结构可选择大震下防止倒塌性能
水准作为设计控制水准。
关键词：抗震设计方法，基于性能设计，基于位移的抗震设计，静力弹塑性分析I
ABSTRACT
The study on structure of seismic made considerable progress in recent years,lots
of new ideas and methods of seismic design emerged,especially the PBSD idea was
concerned in earthquake engineering.However,the contrast of new method and the
design method of exciting norm(which controlled by capacity-ductile criteria for joint)
are lower,and the effects of actual control of seismic performance need deeply study
when the new method applied to seismic.Focusing on above problems this paper
carried out research as follows:
The main contents,characteristics,research status and development trends of some
methods for seismic design were summarized in this test,which are mainly used and
researched at present;seismic design based on existing code was compared with PBSD
from some respects,such as thought for seismic design,seismic fortification target,
design process,aseismic measures,performance evaluation and so on;a rule five-story
frame structure was designed for different seismic standards when it was at 6 or 8
seismic fortification district,which were used by seismic design based on
displacement.Also Specific differences in performance of the frame structure which was
designed from different methods was analyzed,which based on static pushover-analysis
method.
The main results are as follows:①Seismic design seismic based on existing code
already has been standardized with the embryonic form of PBSD,but it still has many
problems,such as lack of flexible and targeted of making seismic fortification target,
lack of clearness of performance of seismic response in design process and so on.while
PBSD can solve these problems,which has good prospects.②The results of the
analysis of examples show that,the structure designed at different performance levels
under seismic design based on displacement meets their respective performance
requirements.Seismic force of structure lying in low seismic intensity areas is too small
and plays small control effect,reinforcement results have not much difference when it
was designed under small and medium earthquake.While it was under rare earthquake,
seismic force is larger,reinforcement is larger,control effect of the structure
Performance is better.The seismic force of the three levels design is different when in
high intensity,of which performance level by the design standards of the greatest
earthquake,the seismic force is largest and the reinforced is largest,the effect ofIII
performance control to structure is best It was recommended that if the method based on
the design displacement was used in the high-intensity zone,should choice standards to
prevent the collapse of the performance of design control as standard for the structure
which require more strictly damage control.
Key words：seismic design method,performance based seismic design,displacement based
seismic design,static elasto-plastic analysisV
目录
1绪论.............................................................................................................................1
1.1引言.........................................................................................................................1
1.2结构抗震设计方法的发展演变.............................................................................2
1.2.1静力法阶段......................................................................................................2
1.2.2反应谱理论阶段..............................................................................................2
1.2.3延性/能力设计方法.........................................................................................3
1.3论文的研究目的和意义.........................................................................................4
1.4论文的主要内容.....................................................................................................5
2现代建筑结构抗震设计方法研究综述.....................................................................7
2.2.2设计地震作用的确定......................................................................................8
2.2.3结构构件抗震承载力的验算..........................................................................9
2.2.4结构地震作用降低系数与抗震措施............................................................10
2.2.5基于承载力结构抗震设计方法的特点........................................................11
2.2.6基于承载力结构抗震设计方法的研究现状及发展趋势............................11
2.3基于能量的结构抗震设计...................................................................................12
2.3.1基于能量的抗震设计方法概述....................................................................12
2.3.4基于能量的抗震设计方法的特点................................................................14
2.3.5存在的问题与今后的发展方向
[16]-[24]
..........................................................15
2.4基于损伤的结构抗震设计...................................................................................15
2.4.1基于损伤的结构抗震设计的方法概述........................................................15
2.4.2基于损伤的结构抗震设计的主要内容........................................................16
2.5.2按延性系数设计的方法...............................................................................18
2.5.3能力谱法.......................................................................................................18
2.5.4直接基于位移的抗震设计方法...................................................................20
2.5.5基于位移的结构抗震设计有待进一步解决的问题
[32]-[38]
2.6.1基于性能的抗震设计概念...........................................................................22
2.6.2基于性能的结构抗震设计理论的基本思想...............................................22
2.6.3基于结构性能抗震设计理论的基本内容...................................................23
2.6.4基于结构性能抗震设计理论的特点
[7][43]-[46]
..............................................24
2.6.5基于结构性能抗震设计的研究现状和应用前景
3结构抗震设计方法比较..........................................................................................27
3.1概述......................................................................................................................27
3.2现行抗震设计与基于性能的抗震设计的设计思想比较..................................27
3.3.2抗震性能水平...............................................................................................29
3.3.3建筑按重要性的分类...................................................................................30
3.3.4结构的抗震性能目标...................................................................................30
3.4两种方法的设计过程比较..................................................................................31
3.4.1不同分析方法的反应参数和破坏控制准则比较.......................................33
3.4.2不同设计方法的计算步骤对比...................................................................35
3.5抗震措施比较......................................................................................................36
3.6结构抗震性能评估..............................................................................................37
3.7可靠度理论在两种方法中的应用比较..............................................................37
3.8本章小结..............................................................................................................38
4.2.1基本设计参数...............................................................................................39
4.2.2确定地震地面运动参数...............................................................................41
4.2.3设计地震作用确定.......................................................................................41...................................................................41
4.2.5设计结果........................................................................................................41
4.2.6地震作用下结构变形验算............................................................................43
4.3按基于位移的抗震设计方法对典型框架进行设计...........................................43
4.3.1框架结构的抗震设防目标和性能指标的量化............................................43
.....................................44
4.3.3八度区框架结构基于位移的抗震设计........................................................49
4.3.4算例的计算及设计结果比较........................................................................55
4.4算例的地震反应性能分析比较...........................................................................56
4.4.1结构出铰情况比较........................................................................................56
4.4.2结构层间位移角分析比较............................................................................61
4.5本章小结...............................................................................................................65
5.2展望.......................................................................................................................68
致谢.........................................................................................................................69
参考文献...................................................................................................................71
附录.........................................................................................................................75

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