As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing di

As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious (有营养的) foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well”. In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.
【小题1】Today medical care is placing more stress on .A．keeping people in a healthy physical conditionB．monitoring patients’ body functionsC．removing people’s bad living habitsD．ensuring people’s psychological well-being【小题2】In the first paragraph, people are reminded that .A．good health is more than not being illB．drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmfulC．regular health checks are essential to keeping fitD．prevention is more difficult than cure【小题3】Traditionally, a person is considered “well” if he .A．does not have any unhealthy living habitsB．does not have any physical handicapsC．is able to handle his daily routinesD．is free from any kind of disease【小题4】According to the author, the true meaning of “wellness” is for people .A．to best satisfy their body’s special needsB．to strive to maintain the best possible healthC．to meet the strictest standards of bodily healthD．to keep a proper balance between work and leisure【小题5】According to what the author advocates, which of the following groups of people would be considered healthy?A．People who have strong muscles as well as slim figures.B．People who are not presently experiencing any symptoms of disease.C．People who try to be as possible, regardless of their limitations.D．People who can recover from illness even without seeking medical care.C

(答案→)C 解析：这篇文章讲述了当今社会“健康”概念的新发展。介绍了当今社会人们医疗观念的转变并且指出提出这种观念上的转变其实还可以探究得更为深入，最后提出这种程度上的“健康”其实还有改善的余地。【小题1】细节理解题。根据第一段“the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors”（当今社会医疗保健的重点已经从治愈疾病向预防疾病转变了，特指改变我们许多的不健康的行为。）故选C。【小题2】细节理解题。根据“This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.”（这个人没有生病，也没有生病的危险，但是他还可以过得更健康一点。）细节理解题。第一段中列举了亚健康的一些具体表现，最后指出，亚健康的人并没有生病，但是却称不上是健康，因为他还可以过得更健康一点。选项C、D在文中没有明确提到，而B的意思与原文不符，原文认为这些亚健康状态不会导致人生病。所以，排除了BCD之后，选项A也与原文意义相符，为正确答案。故选A。【小题3】细节理解题。根据The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs.”（传统医学界没有就“不生病”和“身体健康”做出明确的区分，只是关注身体的各项机能而已。）细节理解题。根据文意，“传统医学界没有就“不生病”和“身体健康”做出明确的区分”即传统医学界认为“不生病”就是“身体健康”，所以答案为D。【小题4】词义猜测题。根据“some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. ”一些健康专家开始把“健康”和“健康状态”定义为一种积极追求的理想状态，即保持并改善健康的状态。词汇题。对于“健康”给出的新的定义，即不是一种人们可以达到的状态，而是一种努力追求的理想，因此选B。【小题5】推理判断题。根据“in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. ”（根据这种新的定义，健康的人就应该是那些无论身体有何局限，只要努力追求最有可能的健康状态的人。）推理题。原文中提到根据新的定义，即使是那些有生理残疾的人，也可以被认为是”健康“的人，又在下文总结了这一点，即健康的人就应该是那些无论身体有何局限，只要努力追求最有可能的健康状态的人。与选项C相符，为正确答案。

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