跪求：关于安东尼奥 高迪的英文简介。

跪求：关于安东尼奥 高迪的英文简介。

Antoni Plàcid Guillem Gaudí i Cornet (25 June 1852 – 10 June 1926) was a Catalan architect who worked during the Modernisme (Art Nouveau) period but became famous for his unique and highly individualistic designs regarded as beyond the scope of Modernisme. He is sometimes referred to, in English, by the Spanish translation of his name, Antonio Gaudí.

　　Childhood
　　Antoni Gaudí was born in the province of Tarragona in southern Catalonia on 25 June 1852. While there is some dispute as to his birthplace – official documents state that he was born in the town of Reus, whereas others claim he was born in Riudoms, a small village 3 miles (5 km) from Reus,– it is certain that he was baptized in Reus a day after his birth. The artist's parents, Francesc Gaudí Serra and Antònia Cornet Bertran, both came from families of coppersmiths.During his youth, Gaudí suffered many times from the rheumatic fevers that were common at the time. This illness caused him to spend much time in isolation, and it also allowed him to spend lots of time alone with nature.It was this exposure to nature at an early age which is thought to have inspired him to incorporate natural shapes and themes into his later work.

　　Early career
　　1878–1879: Lampposts for the Pla?a Reial at Barcelona
　　1878: Showcase for glove manufacturer Comella. Via this work, used at the World's Fair in Paris, Eusebi Güell came to know the architect.[10]
　　1878–1882: Several designs for the Obrera Mataronense at Mataró. Only a very small part of these plans was built, but it shows Gaudí's first use of parabolic arches, here in a wooden structure
　　1883–1885: Casa Vicens
　　1883–1885: Villa "El Capricho" at Comillas (Cantabria)
　　1884: Finca Güell: Entrance pavilion and stables for the palace at Pedralbes (first completed building for Eusebi Güell);
　　1885–1889: Palau Güell
　　1884–1891: Completion of the crypt of the Sagrada Família (the crypt had been started by the architect Francisco del Villar in 1882, who had to abandon the project in 1883)
　　1887–1893: Episcopal Palace at Astorga
　　1892–1893: Casa de los Botines at León

　　Later years
　　Gaudí was a devout Catholic, to the point that in his later years he abandoned secular work and devoted his life to Catholicism and his Sagrada Família. He designed it to have 18 towers, 12 for the 12 apostles, 4 for the 4 evangelists, one for Mary and one for Jesus. One of his closest family members – his niece Rosa Egea – died in 1912, only to be followed by a "faithful collaborator", Francesc Berenguer Mestres, two years later. After these tragedies, Barcelona fell on hard times economically. The construction of La Sagrada Família slowed; the construction of La Colonia Güell ceased altogether. Four years later in 1918, Eusebi Güell, his patron, died.
　　Perhaps it was because of this unfortunate sequence of events that Gaudí changed. He became reluctant to talk with reporters or have his picture taken and solely concentrated on his masterpiece, La Sagrada Família.He spent the last few years of his life living in the crypt of the "Sagrada Familia".
　　On 7 June 1926 Gaudí was hit by a tram. Because of his ragged attire and empty pockets, many cab drivers refused to pick him up for fear that he would be unable to pay the fare. He was eventually taken to a paupers' hospital in Barcelona. Nobody recognized the injured artist until his friends found him the next day. When they tried to move him into a nicer hospital, Gaudí refused, reportedly saying "I belong here among the poor." He died three days later on 10 June 1926, at age 73, with half of Barcelona mourning his death. He was buried in the midst of La Sagrada Família.
　　Although Gaudí was constantly changing his mind and recreating his blueprints, the only existing copy of his last recorded blueprints was destroyed by the anarchists in 1938 during the Spanish Civil War. This has made it very difficult for his workers to complete the church in the fashion Gaudí most likely would have wished. It is for this that Gaudí is known to many as "God's Architect". La Sagrada Família is now being completed, but differences between his work and the new additions can be seen.
　　As of 2007, completion of the Sagrada Familía is planned for 2026, which would be the 100th anniversary of Gaudí's death. It is currently at the center of a row over the proposed route of a high-speed rail tunnel that would pass near the church, approximately thirty meters below. Supporters of the tunnel point to many successful tunneling projects under city centers. Detractors cite a metro tunnel in Barcelona’s Carmel district that collapsed and destroyed an entire city block on February 1, 2005. The route passes near some of Gaudí's other works, Casa Batlló and Casa Milà, although deep underground.
　　Artistic style
　　Gaudí's first works were designed in the style of gothic architecture and traditional Catalan architectural modes, but he soon developed his own distinct sculptural style. French architect Eugene Viollet-le-Duc, who promoted an evolved form of gothic architecture, proved a major influence on Gaudí. The student went on to contrive highly original designs – irregular and fantastically intricate. Some of his greatest works, most notably La Sagrada Família, have an almost hallucinatory power.
　　He once said on the subject of gothic architecture:
　　Gothic art is imperfect, it means to solve; it is the style of the compass, the formula of industrial repetition. Its stability is based on the permanent propping of abutments: it is a defective body that holds with support… gothic works produce maximum emotion when they are mutilated, covered with ivy and illuminated by the moon.
　　The same expressive power of Gaudí's monumental works exists in his oddly graceful chairs and tables. Gaudí's architecture is a total integration of materials, processes and poetics. His approach to furniture design exceeded structural expression and continued with the overall architectural idea.

安东尼奥·高迪（antonio gaudi i cornet，也译为安东尼·高迪、安东尼奥·高第等。1852.6.25—1926.6.10），西班牙建筑师，塑性建筑流派的代表人物，属于现代主义建筑风格。其父弗朗西斯科·高迪(francesc gaudi i serra)为铜匠。在前往巴塞罗那(barcelona)学习之前，高迪曾当过短期铁匠学徒。他于1869年前往巴塞罗那，但1873年方获得加泰罗尼亚省立建筑学校之学习许可。高迪学生时代受到了冯塔纳(miloy fontanas)的影响，并于1878年毕业，取得建筑师执照，此后至死几乎都在巴塞罗那工作生活，未曾离开。毕业后初期作品近似华丽的维多利亚式，后采用历史风格，属哥特复兴的主流。高迪最早接受的主要委托项目是完成巴塞罗那的神圣家族教堂（1883—目前仍在建设中），这是一座极有个性和感染力的建筑物（高迪去世时仅完成一个耳堂和四个塔楼之一），米拉公寓，巴特罗公寓（又译为巴特罗之家、巴特略之家等），古埃尔领地教堂和古埃尔公园。 　　高迪期望自己的作品能唤醒存在于人类心中的直觉潜能，虽受英国美术大师罗斯金(john ruskin，1819-1900)自然主义学说和新艺术风格(art nouveau)的影响，但他心中那股浓烈的加泰罗尼亚民族意识，和来自蒙特瑟瑞(montserrat)圣石山的灵感泉源，却与他的作品密不可分。 　　高迪的过人之处，就在于他不但能结合传统与当代的各种建筑风格，还同时保有原创力，在技术上做大胆的突破，并运用精彩、独特而且深富创意的装饰，让每一件作品从建材、型式、到门、角、窗、墙等任何一处细部，都独一无二，也因此高第的建筑风格很难被归类，也莫怪乎他能得到“建筑史上的但丁”雅号。而让高第拥有源源不绝的创意及不停超越自己的动力，则是“大自然”。 　　高迪曾说：“艺术必须出自于大自然，因为大自然已为人们创造出最独美丽的造形。”高迪的作品常使用大量的陶瓷砖瓦和天然石料，以令人信服的建筑语汇，如：建筑的门、窗、柱、廊、墙等，和丰沛的想像力创造出属于高第式的建筑。 　　他认为大自然界是没有直线存在的，直线属于人类而曲线才属于上帝，因此凡是他落实于自然理论的建筑作品始终令人眼睛发亮，在百多年后的今天却丝毫没有古迹之感。斯人已远，作品不朽。 [编辑本段]二、生平年表　　·1852年6月25日　诞生于加泰罗尼亚小城雷乌斯(reus) 　　·1870年　进入巴塞罗那建筑学校就读 　　·1877年　毕业设计为一所大学的礼堂 　　·1878年　获得了建筑师的称号,且结识了欧塞维奥·古埃尔 　　·1883年　主持圣家族大教堂的修建 　　·1900年　决定建造“古埃尔公园” 　　·1926年6月10日　于巴塞罗那有轨电车通车典礼被电车撞倒去世 [编辑本段]三、作品年表　　1883-1888， 文生之家casa vicens 　　1884-1887 ，奎尔别墅finca guell 　　1884-1926 ，圣家堂sagrada família 　　1886-1889 ，奎尔宫palau guell 　　1888-1894 ，圣德雷沙学院collegi de les teresianes 　　1898-1904 ，卡佛之家casa calvet 　　1898-1915 ，奎尔纺织村及教堂colonia guell 　　1900-1902 ，贝列斯夸尔德bellesguard 　　1900-1914， 奎尔公园park güell 　　1901-1902 ，米拉勒之门puerta de la finca miralles 　　1904-1906 ，巴由之家casa batlló 　　1906-1910 ，米拉之家casa milà 　　1909-1910， 圣家堂教会学校sagrada familia parish school