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英语翻译To what expedient,then,shall we finally resort,for maint

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解决时间 2021-08-22 19:08
英语翻译
To what expedient,then,shall we finally resort,for maintaining in practice the necessary partition of power among the several departments,as laid down in the constitution?...it is…evident that the members of each department should be as little dependent as possible on those of the others,for the emoluments annexed to their offices…
But the great security against a gradual concentration of those several powers in the same department consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional and personal motives to resist the encroachments of the others.The provision for defense must in this,as in all other cases,be made commensurate to the danger of the attack.Ambition must be made to counteract ambition.The interest of the man must be connected with the constitutional rights of the place.It may be a reflection on human nature,that such devices should be necessary to control the abuses of government.But what is government itself,but the greatest of all reflections on human nature?If men were angels,no government would be necessary.If angels were to govern men,neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary.In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men,the great difficulty lies in this:you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself.A dependence on the people is ,no doubt,the primary control on the government; but experience has taught mankind the necessity of auxiliary precautions.
There are…two considerations particularly applicable to the federal system of America,which place that system in a very interesting point of view…
First.In a single republic all the power surrendered by the people is submitted to the administration of a single government,and the usurpations are guarded against by a division of the government into distinct and separate departments.In the compound republic of America the power surrendered by the people is first divided between two distinct government[federal and state],and then the portion allotted to each subdivided among distinct and separate departments.Hence a double security arises to the rights of the people.The different governments will control each other,at the same time that each will be controlled by itself.
最佳答案

对我们将为实践上维护力量的必要的分开最后,然后,依靠什么适当,在几个部门之中的,如放下在宪法?…它是证据,每个部门的成员应该依靠一样少许尽可能那些其他,为了薪水对吞并他们的办公室…
但是反对那些几力量的逐渐集中的巨大安全在同一个部门的在给包括执行每个部门必要的宪法和个人动机抵抗其他的侵犯的那些人.向防御的供应在这中必须,作为所有其他的案例,使比照对攻击的危险.必须做志向抵制志向.必须用地方的宪法给予的权利连接人的兴趣.控制政府恶习也许是在人类本性的反射,那这样设备应该是必要的.但是什么是政府,但是最伟大的在人类本性的所有反射?如果人是天使,政府不会是必要的.如果天使是治理人,外在和在政府的内部控制不要是必要的.在构筑将由在人的人执行的政府,巨大的困难在这中在:您必须首先使政府控制被治理的; 并且其次迫使它控制自己.对人民的依赖性是,无疑义,在政府的主要控制; 但是经验教人类辅助防备措施必要.
那里考虑特别可适用对美国的联邦系统,在一个非常有趣的观点…安置那个系统第一.在所有力量由人民投降的一个唯一共和国递交给一个唯一政府的管理,并且强夺防护装置防御政府的分裂入分明和分开的部门.在人民力量投降的美国复合共和国首先被划分在二分明政府[联邦和状态],然后部分之间被定量对其中每一被细分在分明和分开的部门之中.因此双重安全出现在人民的右边.同时其中每一单独,将被控制不同的政府将互相控制.
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