CSo long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue

C
So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake everything to do for children that only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity. It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read, however, involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.
If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest (探索) for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.
【小题1】The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that
.A．it is one of the most difficult school coursesB．students spend endless hours in readingC．reading tasks are assigned with little guidanceD．too much time is spent in teaching about reading【小题2】The teaching of reading will be successful if .A．teachers can improve conditions at school for the studentsB．teachers can enable students to develop their own way of readingC．teachers can devise the most efficient system for readingD．teachers can make their teaching activities observable【小题3】The underlined word “scrutiny” most probably means “ ”.A．inquiryB．observationC．controlD．suspect【小题4】According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when
.A．children become highly motivatedB．teacher and learner roles are interchangeableC．teaching helps children in the search for knowledgeD．reading enriches children’s experience【小题5】 The main idea of the passage is that .A．teachers should do nothing in helping students learn to readB．teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possibleC．reading ability is something acquired rather than taughtD．reading is more complicated than generally believedD

(答案→)D 解析：本文主要讲述的是现在的学校教育中关于阅读教育的弊端，其实阅读教学不是学校可以直接教授的，是需要学生多参与，多理解掌握的。【小题1】D 推理题。根据文章第一段2,3,4行Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.可知很多的时间都被花在了让学生大量阅读上了。实际上这样做未必有效果，故D项正确。【小题2】B 推理题。根据文章最后4行When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.可知我们要让学生有自己解决问题的机会，形成自己的解决问题的方法，这样的阅读才是有效的阅读教学。故B正确【小题3】B 推理题。根据Learning to read, however, involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.可知这里的scrutiny.就是指阅读的过程可以清晰地被大家都了解得。故B正确。【小题4】A 推理题。根据文章最后一段2,3行Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”可知当阅读变得有趣的时候，学习有动力的时候，学生就会喜欢阅读，故A正确。【小题5】C 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.可知阅读不是学校里直接可以教会的，需要的是学生自己的多参与，故C正确。

就是这个解释