一篇关于老挝的英语介绍 急用！！！！！

一篇关于老挝的英语介绍 急用！！！！！

LAOS
Geography

　　Laos is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Myanmar and China, Vietnam to the Map of Laoseast, Cambodia to the south, and Thailand to the west. Laos has thickly forested landscape consists mostly of rugged mountains, the highest of which is Phou Bia at 2,817 m, with some plains and plateaus.

The Mekong River forms a large part of the western boundary with Thailand, whereas the mountains of the Annamite Chain form most of the eastern border with Vietnam.

Political System

　　The only legal political party is the Lao People"s Revolutionary Party (LPRP). The head of state is a president elected by parliament for a five-year term. The head of government is a prime minister appointed by the president with parliamentary approval. Government policies are determined by the party through the all-powerful nine-member Politburo and the 49-member Central Committee. Important government decisions are vetted by the Council of Ministers. This unicameral parliament, expanded in February 2002 elections to 109 members for a five-year term, approves all new laws, although the executive branch retains authority to issue binding decrees.

Education System

　　The French system of education was replaced with a Laotian curriculum, although lack of teaching materials has impeded effective instruction. Although school enrollment has increased since 1975, the goal of achieving universal primary education was postponed from 1985 to 2000 as a result of the lack of resources. The teachers are paid irregularly and they have to spend significant amounts of time farming or in other livelihood activities, resulting classes in many locations are actually held for only a few hours a day. Due to irregular classes, overcrowding and lack of learning resources, the average student needed eleven to twelve years to complete the five-year primary course in the late 1980s. Secondary education enrollment similarly has expanded since 1975 but as of mid-1994, it was still limited in availability and scope. Local secondary education is concentrated in the provincial capitals and some district centers. Dropout rates for students at secondary and technical schools are not as high as among primary students, but the gender and ethnic group differentials are more pronounced. Students who do not live in a provincial center require boarding away from home in order to secondary attend schools. This discourages students in rural areas from pursuing further education, with additional differential impacts on girls and minorities.

Population

　　Laos has an estimated population of 6 million. 68% of the country"s people are ethnic Lao, the principal lowland inhabitants and the politically and culturally dominant group. The Lao are descended from the Tai people who began migrating southward from China in the first millennium AD. Hill people such as the Hmong (Miao), Yao (Mien), Black Thai, Dao, Shan, and several Tibeto-Burman speaking peoples, have lived in isolated regions of Laos for many years. Mountain tribes of mixed ethnolinguistic heritage are found in northern Laos. Collectively, they are known as Lao Sung or highland Laotians. In the central and southern mountains, Mon-Khmer tribes, known as Lao Theung or midslope Laotians, predominate. Some Vietnamese and Chinese minorities remain, particularly in the towns, but many left, after independence in the late 1940s and again after 1975.

Languages

　　The official and dominant language is Lao, a tonal language of the Tai linguistic group. Midslope and highland Lao speak an assortment of tribal languages. French, once common in government and commerce, has declined in usage, while knowledge of English has increased in recent years.

Religions
The predominant religion is Theravada Buddhism which, along with the common Animism practiced among the mountain tribes, coexists peacefully with spirit worship. There is also a small number of Christians and Muslims. However, religion is strictly controlled, and the government will generally side with Buddhism over a minority religion.

Economy
　　Laos, one of the few remaining official communist states, began decentralizing control and encouraging private enterprise in 1986. The results, starting from an extremely low base, were striking - growth averaged 6% in 1988-2004 except during the short-lived drop caused by the Asian financial crisis beginning in 1997. Despite this high growth rate, Laos remains a country with a primitive infrastructure; it has no railroads, a rudimentary road system, and limited external and internal telecommunications. The government has sponsored major improvements in the road system. Electricity is available in only a few urban areas. Subsistence agriculture accounts for half of GDP and provides 80% of total employment. The economy will continue to benefit from aid from the IMF and other international sources and from new foreign investment in food processing and mining. In late 2004, Laos gained Normal Trade Relations status with the US, allowing Laos-based producers to face lower tariffs on their exports; this may help spur growth.

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Peace, independence, democracy, unity and prosperity 老挝的国家格言

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