非共同效应是什么,心理学名词，人们归因时根据非共同效应的有无和多少及所具有的社会赞誉性的高低来进行的

非共同效应是什么,心理学名词，人们归因时根据非共同效应的有无和多少及所具有的社会赞誉性的高低来进行的

Non-Common effects
The consequences of a chosen action must be compared with the consequences of possible alternative actions. The fewer effects the possible choices have in common, the more confident one can be in inferring a correspondent disposition. Or, put another way, the more distinctive the consequences of a choice, the more confidently you can infer intention and disposition.
Suppose you are planning to go on a postgraduate course, and you short-list two colleges - University College London and the London School of Economics. You choose UCL rather than the LSE. What can the social perceiver learn from this? First there are a lot of common effects - urban environment, same distance from home, same exam system, similar academic reputation, etc. These common effects do not provide the perceiver with any clues about your motivation. But if the perceiver believes that UCL has better sports facilities, or easier access to the University Library then these non-common or unique effects which can provide a clue to your motivation. But, suppose you had short-listed UCL and University of Essex and you choose UCL. Now the perceiver is faced with a number of non-common effects; size of city; distance from home; academic reputation; exam system. The perceiver would then be much less confident about inferring a particular intention or disposition when there are a lot of non-common effects. The fewer the non-common effects, the more certain the attribution of intent.
结果由特殊性行为引起，不能由选择性的行为产生 为了断定人们的意图是什么，我们需要用非共同效应，通过看他们选择的结果得来。 常规和期望中的行为告知我们的一个人的意图要少于与众不同的行为。