什么是行为动词
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解决时间 2021-05-15 11:14
- 提问者网友：我没有何以琛的痴心不悔
- 2021-05-14 14:51
什么是行为动词
最佳答案
- 五星知识达人网友：長槍戰八方
- 2021-05-14 15:58
行为动词
1.不及物动词:不能直接跟宾语,常须加了介词后方能加宾语
如:look at (for, after), get to (on), operate on, hear of, hear from, point to (at), worry about, knock at, play with, think about等
2.及物动词:后面必须跟宾语,意义才完整
在及物动词+副词构成动副搭配时,代词放中间这一点应特别加以记忆。
如: turn on (√) turn on the radio(√) turn the radio on(√) turn on it(×) turn it on(√)
常见的动副搭配的词组有：put on, pick up, look up, wake up, try on, write down, move away, take away等
3.注意行为动词的几种变化形式
原形 enjoy
第三人称单数 enjoys
v 过去式 enjoyed
过去分词 enjoyed
现在分词 enjoying
现在分词的变化方法，一般是直接在动词后加-ing，有几个特殊的可加以记忆：lie-lying, die-dying
要双写的单词有：
一个m(swim-swimming)
一个g(dig-digging)
三个n(run-running, win-winning, begin-beginning)
三个p(stop-stopping, shop-shopping ,drop-dropping)
还有六个t(sit-sitting, hit-hitting，get-getting, let-letting, put-putting, forget-forgetting)
同学们特别应注意forget, begin这种双音节单词。
另外，eat, wait这两个词不是重读闭音节，故不能双写加-ing
4.请区别几组易混淆的同义动词
1）look/see/watch/read
look 看 look at the bird
see 看见 see a film
watch 观看、注视 watch TV， watch a football match
read 读 ，阅读 read a book， read newspapers
2）say/speak/talk/tell
say 说（不及物动词）
①say to sb. , (后跟引语)
②say it again (后常跟it)
speak 讲，发言（不及物动词）
①speak at the meeting
②learn to speak
③speak English
talk 谈话（不及物动词）
①talk about sth.(谈论某事)
②talk with sb.(和某人交谈)
tell 告诉，讲（及物动词）
①tell sb. to do sth. / tell sb. not to do sth.
②tell sb. about sth. (后常跟某人)
③tell the time “报时”/ tell a story “讲故事”
3)borrow/lend
borrow 借进（短暂动词）
①borrow sth. (借某物)
②borrow sth. from sb. (向某人借某物）
如May I borrow your bike? Mine is broken.
lend 借出（短暂动词）
lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.(把某物借给某人)
如:You mustn't lend it to others.
keep 借（一段时间），常与一段时间的时间状语连用，为延续性动词。
如: How long may I keep it?
4) bring/take
bring 带来（表示从远处拿到说话的地点来），常与here, me 搭配
如：Please bring my hat to me tomorrow.
take 带走（表示从说话地点拿到远处去），常与there, away搭配
如：Take your raincoat with you. It's going to rain.
5) listen/hear
listen 听 不及物，常与介词to连用
如:I listened carefully, but heard nothing.
Hear 听到 及物 后直接跟宾语
①hear from sb 收到某人的来信
如:Jim's mother haven't heard from him for a long time.
②hear of 听说
如:Have you heard of the news?
6) look for/find/find out
look for 寻找 （强调动作）
find 找到 发现（强调结果）
如:We looked for him everywhere but didn't find him.
find out 查明 （通过调查研究找到事实的真相）
如:Can you find out who broke the window?
7) put on/wear/dress
put on 穿上 （强调动作）
如:It's cold outside. Please put on your coat.
wear 穿着（强调状态）
如:Lucy is wearing a blue sweater today.
dress 打扮，给...穿衣服
①dress sb. / oneself 给某人（或自己）穿衣服
②get dressed 穿好衣服
③dress up 打扮 穿上盛装”
如:She often dresses up in a red skirt.
8) forget/leave
forget 忘了某物
如:I forgot to tell you about it.
leave 把某物忘在某地
如:Kate left her key to her room at home.
5．有些及物动词后可以跟双宾语即直接宾语（表物）和间接宾语（表人），间接宾语通常位于直接宾语之前，若颠倒两者的位置，则通常在间接宾语前加一个介词（to或for）。
1）draw sth. for sb.
make sth. for sb.
mend sth. for sb.
buy sth. for sb
get sth. for sb
cook sth. for sb.
keep sth. for sb.
return sth. for sb.
2) pass sth. to sb.
give sth. to sb.
lend sth. to sb.
show sth. to sb.
bring sth. to sb.
take sth. to sb.
write sth. to sb.
send sth. to sb.
1.不及物动词:不能直接跟宾语,常须加了介词后方能加宾语
如:look at (for, after), get to (on), operate on, hear of, hear from, point to (at), worry about, knock at, play with, think about等
2.及物动词:后面必须跟宾语,意义才完整
在及物动词+副词构成动副搭配时,代词放中间这一点应特别加以记忆。
如: turn on (√) turn on the radio(√) turn the radio on(√) turn on it(×) turn it on(√)
常见的动副搭配的词组有：put on, pick up, look up, wake up, try on, write down, move away, take away等
3.注意行为动词的几种变化形式
原形 enjoy
第三人称单数 enjoys
v 过去式 enjoyed
过去分词 enjoyed
现在分词 enjoying
现在分词的变化方法，一般是直接在动词后加-ing，有几个特殊的可加以记忆：lie-lying, die-dying
要双写的单词有：
一个m(swim-swimming)
一个g(dig-digging)
三个n(run-running, win-winning, begin-beginning)
三个p(stop-stopping, shop-shopping ,drop-dropping)
还有六个t(sit-sitting, hit-hitting，get-getting, let-letting, put-putting, forget-forgetting)
同学们特别应注意forget, begin这种双音节单词。
另外，eat, wait这两个词不是重读闭音节，故不能双写加-ing
4.请区别几组易混淆的同义动词
1）look/see/watch/read
look 看 look at the bird
see 看见 see a film
watch 观看、注视 watch TV， watch a football match
read 读 ，阅读 read a book， read newspapers
2）say/speak/talk/tell
say 说（不及物动词）
①say to sb. , (后跟引语)
②say it again (后常跟it)
speak 讲，发言（不及物动词）
①speak at the meeting
②learn to speak
③speak English
talk 谈话（不及物动词）
①talk about sth.(谈论某事)
②talk with sb.(和某人交谈)
tell 告诉，讲（及物动词）
①tell sb. to do sth. / tell sb. not to do sth.
②tell sb. about sth. (后常跟某人)
③tell the time “报时”/ tell a story “讲故事”
3)borrow/lend
borrow 借进（短暂动词）
①borrow sth. (借某物)
②borrow sth. from sb. (向某人借某物）
如May I borrow your bike? Mine is broken.
lend 借出（短暂动词）
lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.(把某物借给某人)
如:You mustn't lend it to others.
keep 借（一段时间），常与一段时间的时间状语连用，为延续性动词。
如: How long may I keep it?
4) bring/take
bring 带来（表示从远处拿到说话的地点来），常与here, me 搭配
如：Please bring my hat to me tomorrow.
take 带走（表示从说话地点拿到远处去），常与there, away搭配
如：Take your raincoat with you. It's going to rain.
5) listen/hear
listen 听 不及物，常与介词to连用
如:I listened carefully, but heard nothing.
Hear 听到 及物 后直接跟宾语
①hear from sb 收到某人的来信
如:Jim's mother haven't heard from him for a long time.
②hear of 听说
如:Have you heard of the news?
6) look for/find/find out
look for 寻找 （强调动作）
find 找到 发现（强调结果）
如:We looked for him everywhere but didn't find him.
find out 查明 （通过调查研究找到事实的真相）
如:Can you find out who broke the window?
7) put on/wear/dress
put on 穿上 （强调动作）
如:It's cold outside. Please put on your coat.
wear 穿着（强调状态）
如:Lucy is wearing a blue sweater today.
dress 打扮，给...穿衣服
①dress sb. / oneself 给某人（或自己）穿衣服
②get dressed 穿好衣服
③dress up 打扮 穿上盛装”
如:She often dresses up in a red skirt.
8) forget/leave
forget 忘了某物
如:I forgot to tell you about it.
leave 把某物忘在某地
如:Kate left her key to her room at home.
5．有些及物动词后可以跟双宾语即直接宾语（表物）和间接宾语（表人），间接宾语通常位于直接宾语之前，若颠倒两者的位置，则通常在间接宾语前加一个介词（to或for）。
1）draw sth. for sb.
make sth. for sb.
mend sth. for sb.
buy sth. for sb
get sth. for sb
cook sth. for sb.
keep sth. for sb.
return sth. for sb.
2) pass sth. to sb.
give sth. to sb.
lend sth. to sb.
show sth. to sb.
bring sth. to sb.
take sth. to sb.
write sth. to sb.
send sth. to sb.
全部回答
- 1楼网友：琴狂剑也妄
- 2021-05-14 17:28
行为动词
即实义动词,表示动作的动词。它分为及物动词和不及物动词两种。实义动词有完全的词义，并能独立做谓语动词。
（1）及物动词 后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词，叫做及物动词(transitive verb)。如：
I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议。
“How long can I keep the book ?”Harry asked.哈里问：“这本书我可以借多久?”
Dr. Bethune set us a good example. 白求恩大夫给我们树立了好榜样。
Crude oil contains many useful substances.原油含有许多有用的物质。
++及物动词用于被动语态。如：
The meeting will be held in the afternoon.会议将在当天下午举行。
(2)不及物动词 本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词，叫做不及物动词(intransitive verb)。如：
Birds fly.鸟会飞。
It happened in June 1932.这件事发生于一九三；年六月。
My watch stopped.我的表停了。
She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. 她在昨天晚上的会上发了言。
(3)兼作及物动词和不及物动词 英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。这样的动词又有两种不同的情况：
a)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不变。试比较：
Shall I begin at once?我可以立刻开始吗?(begin作不及物动词)
She began working as a librarian after she left school.她毕业后当图书馆管理员。(began作及物动词)
When did they leave Chicago?他们是什么时候离开芝加哥的？(leave 作及物动词)
They left last week. 他们是上周离开的。(left 作不及物动词)
b)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，有时意义不尽相同。如：
Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手。
Does this cloth wash well? 这布经得起洗吗?
(4)与汉语的比较 有时英语动词的及物和不及物的用法，与汉语的用法不一样，请注意下列两种情况：
a)有的动词在英语里只能用作不及物动词，而汉语则可用作及物动词，如arrive到达，agree同意，listen听。英语里这些动词后面常接介词。如：
We arrived at the railway station at noon.我们于中午到达火车站。(at不能省去)(比较：We reached the railway station at noon.)
Everybody listened to the lecture with great interest.每个人都很有兴趣地听讲课。(to不可省去)(比较：We all heard the lecture.)
Do they agree to the plan?他们同意这个计划吗?(to不可省去)
b)有的动词在英语里能用作及物动词，而在汉语里则不能用作及物动词，如serve为…服务。
Our children are taught to serve the people wholeheartedly.我们的儿童被教以全心全意为人民服务
除了be动词(am ／is ／are ＋not)以外的动词就是行为动词,当然包括他们各自的时态变形.
谓语动词若为行为动词，在其前加don't，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
例如:
I am a student.这里的am就不是行为动词.am在这里只起结构作用
He eats.这里的eat就是行为动词,有实际的动作意义在里面,表示吃.
(5)有些行为动词可做联系动词使用。
I taste the soup. 我尝了尝汤。 (行为动词)
The dish taste good. 这道菜尝起来味道很好。 (连系动词)
诸如此类的动词还有 smell,look,feel,remain等等。一般来说，把人的五官感觉解释成“。。起来”的时候可作联系动词。（注：这些都为感官动词）就如上句第二句例句，把taste解释成“尝起来”的时候是连系动词，同理，把smell解释成"闻起来/闻上去"的时候,smell做联系动词使用。这时候的动词后面跟的是表语，要用形容词，不用副词。如同一句例句中的good不能用well来代替。
说明：在初中英语中，下面三对动词形式相似，但一为及物动词，一为不及物动词，他们是lay（放）与lie（躺），raise（举）与rise（上升），set（放）与sit（坐）。
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