【小题1】 People with intellectual disability form one of the largest single disability groups

【小题1】 People with intellectual disability form one of the largest single disability groups in a community. Intellectual disability refers to a general slowness to learn and function within society, and the identification of intellectual disability is usually based on an assessment of a person's performance in a variety of tests. An individual's level of performance, as assessed, can change with time and circumstances. With skilled training and opportunity for development, people with intellectual disability have much greater potential for acquiring skills and for participation in community life than previously had been thought possible.
【小题2】 In many western societies, five categories of intellectual disability have traditionally been used in order to indicate the perceived degree of difficulty an individual has with learning. All five may occur in either children, adolescent or adult, and show as mild, moderate, severe, profound or multiple intellectual disability.
【小题3】 For the majority of intellectual disabilities, there is no identifiable cause but there are some causes that are well documented. They include: brain damage at birth due to lack of oxygen--- prolonged labor during childbirth; brain damage before birth due to factors such as rubella, drug or diet-related problems; damage after birth due to illnesses such as encephalitis or accident; hereditary defects in the genes; abnormal chromosome count resulting in, for example, Down Syndrome.
【小题4】 Like everyone else, people with an intellectual disability need a rewarding job, a satisfying place to live and a good social life. But they may need extra support to achieve these things. Good support services are based on the principle of normalization---which means enabling people to be part of the community like everyone else.
【小题5】 With the introduction of the intellectually disabled into communities, there is a need to promote awareness of communication. Although many people may have little experience in talking with an intellectually disabled person, there are common guidelines that can simplify the interaction. Firstly, it is useful to remember that people with disabilities have feelings .Speaking in the same friendly manner as you would to anyone else is also recommended. Being prepared to wait a little longer for replies during a conversation with an intellectually disabled person would undoubtedly benefit the exchange.
List of HeadingsA． What do people with an intellectual disability need?B． What is intellectual disability?C． How do people with an intellectual disability talk?D． What are the forms of intellectual disability?E. What causes intellectual disability?
F. How do you talk to a person with an intellectual disability?B

(答案→)B 解析：本文围绕智力障碍问题展开叙述。在文中作者不仅介绍了智力障碍的概念，种类以及造成智力障碍的原因。而且也强调智障患者同样有感情，要友好的对待他们，并且就如何与有智力障碍的人们进行交流沟通给出一些建议。【小题1】B考查对文章的理解概括能力。在下文中作者解释了智力障碍的概念Intellectual disability refers to a general slowness to learn and function within society,而且对智障进行了简单的介绍，由此可知此段恰好回答了B选项所提出的问题。故B选项正确。【小题2】D考查对文章的理解概括能力。本段内容讲述了智力障碍的五种分类，five categories of intellectual disability have traditionally been used in order to indicate ．．．由此可知D选项正确。【小题3】E考查对文章的理解概括能力。根据本段中的there is no identifiable cause but there are some causes that are well documented. They include: brain ．．．可知此段内容表述的是造成智力障碍的原因，所以E为正确选项。【小题4】A从Like everyone else, people with an intellectual disability need a rewarding job, a satisfying place to live．．．可知本段内容是关于智障患者的需求，恰好回答了A选项的问题，所以A选项正确。【小题5】F考查对文章的理解概括能力。本段内容讲述了如何与智障患者进行交流沟通，纵观选项F恰好能与之呼应，所以F为正确选项。

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就是这个解释

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