In a small open courtyard, outside a school building, there were flowers here and there. I

In a small open courtyard, outside a school building, there were flowers here and there. In the sunshine，a was lying on the grass，reading a book with concentration. Near her，another child was carefully watering the flowers, while a third was with his back against a tree and had a on his knees. He appeared to be drawing or writing something on it. He was in his task, like the first child.
the building, there were pleasant carpeted areas. Many children were busy with their tasks in a variety of while teachers wandered among them, talking to them, them, and encouraging their efforts.
I watched this scene on a morning in May years ago, it to me that a visitor here would have thought he had entered a formal school. He would have been even more if he had been told that the children he was came from different kinds of academic levels.
That has been staying with me ever since. I have been about some problems. Why in many schools are our children asked to acquire skills in a way from a real-life context（情境）? Why does a school child so often become a defeated school failure?
Developmental psychologist Margaret Donald once said, “ of the intellectual framework (知识框架) on which we our teaching is misleading.” In my opinion, a child learns everything in human situation. And if every child could learn in the same way as the children in the school I visited, they would develop better.
【小题1】A．gardenerB．childC．teacherD．visitor【小题2】A．poorB．littleC．completeD．slight【小题3】A．sittingB．standingC．sleepingD．listening【小题4】A．toyB．pencilC．flowerD．notebook【小题5】A．laidB．setC．defeatedD．lost【小题6】A．OverB．AboveC．InsideD．Outside【小题7】A．waysB．ideasC．opinionsD．views【小题8】A．referring toB．smiling atC．pointing to D．staring at【小题9】A．Unless B．AsC．UntilD．Before【小题10】A．happenedB．wentC．occurredD．got【小题11】A．alreadyB．neverC．ratherD．ever【小题12】A．satisfiedB．disappointedC．delightedD．surprised【小题13】A．helpingB．teachingC．encouragingD．observing【小题14】A．sceneB．signC．lookD．screen【小题15】A．dreamingB．regrettingC．wonderingD．joking【小题16】A．seldomB．hardly C．oftenD．badly【小题17】A．takenB．preventedC．learnedD．separated【小题18】A．slowB．livelyC．luckyD．friendly【小题19】A．MuchB．AnyC．LittleD．None【小题20】A．turnB．feedC．drawD．baseC

(答案→)C 解析： 为什么很多学校要求孩子学东西的方式与真实生活差之甚远？为什么天真活泼的学童如此经常地成为学校失败教育的产物？许多孩子忙着各干各的，老师在他们中间走来走去，与他们说着话。面带微笑，对他们的努力予以鼓励。发展心理学家玛格丽特.唐纳德曾说：“我们教学上所依据的智力架构中，存在着太多的误导。”我认为，孩子是在人文的环境里学习各种东西。如果每个孩子以我所参观的那所学校同样的方式学习，他们的发展会好的多。【小题1】考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. gardener 园丁；B. child孩子；C. teacher老师；D. visitor参观者。由下文的another child可以直接得出答案。故选B【小题2】考查形容词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. poor可怜的；B. little小的；C. complete完整的；D. slight轻微的。with complete concentration全神贯注。故选C。【小题3】考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. sitting坐；B. standing站；C. sleeping睡；D. listening听。由后面的“with his back against a tree”可以看出，应选sitting。故选A。【小题4】考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. toy玩具；B. pencil铅笔；C. flower花；D. notebook笔记本。由“...to be drawing or writing something on it”可以看出，四个选项中只有 notebook符合要求。故选D。【小题5】考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。 A. laid放；B. set放；C. defeated打败；D. lost失去。be lost in sth.相当于lose oneself in sth.，意思是：专心做某事。故选D。【小题6】考查介词的辨析和对语境的理解。 A. Over在……之上（正上方）；B. Above超过，在……之上；；C. Inside 在……之内；D. Outside在……之外。第一段描述的是教学楼外的情景，而这一段描述的是教学楼内的情景，所以 对应文章第一句中的outside，这里要选择inside。故选C。【小题7】考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. ways方式，方法；B. ideas主意；C. opinions观点；D. views见解、景点。作者描述的是使学生发挥主观能动性的教育方式，也就是让学生做自己喜爱的事情的方式，故选A。【小题8】考查动词短语辨析和对语境的理解。 A. referring to 参考、涉及；B. smiling at冲着……微笑；C. pointing to指向；D. staring at凝视、盯着看；句意为：老师在学生们中走动，和他们交流，对他们微笑……。故选B。【小题9】考查连词的辨析和对语境的理解。 A. Unless除非；B. As当……时，引导时间状语从句；C. Until直到……才；D. Before在……之前。句意为：当我数年前五月的一个上午见到这一幕的时候，我突然想到来这里的客人绝不会想到他已进入了一所正规的学校。故选B。【小题10】考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。 A. happened 发生；B. went 去；C. occurred发生；D. got得到。 It occurred to me that...是固定句型，意思是：我突然想到……。故选C。【小题11】考查副词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. already已经；B. never从不；C. rather 宁可；D. ever曾经。从上文的描述可以看出，学生们在上课时间有的在外面，有的在教学楼里面，所以来访者绝不会想到这是一所正规的学校。故选B。【小题12】考查形容词辨析和对语境的理解。 A. satisfied满意；B. disappointed失望；C. delighted高兴；D. surprised吃惊。这里是接着上一句的描述来说的。知道了这是在正规学校的学生的学习情况，来访者肯定会吃惊的，而后面的事情：这些学生（原来的）水平却是不同的，这使人更加吃惊。故选D。 【小题13】考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. helping帮助；B. teaching教；C. encouraging鼓励；D. observing观察。这里的主语是前文所说的visitor，那些孩子们的活动只能是他观察而来的。故选D。【小题14】考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。 A. scene场面、情景；B. sign迹象、符号、指示牌；C. look样子；D. screen屏幕。上一段第一句有暗示。故选A。【小题15】考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. dreaming梦想；B. regretting后悔；C. wondering纳闷、想知道；D. joking开玩笑。这里表示作者想知道这些问题的答案。故选C。【小题16】考查副词的辨析和对语境的理解。 A. seldom很少；B. hardly几乎不；C. often经常；D. badly糟糕地、很、严重地。这里的意思是：为什么在很多学校（老师）常常(often)让孩子们用脱离现实情景的方式获得知识呢？故选C。 【小题17】考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。 A. taken拿、带；B. prevented阻止；C. learned学习；D. separated分开。上文描述的孩子们在教学楼内外的学习方式是和现实生活联系在一起的，而我们所谓的正式的学校教育却是脱离现实生活的，故选D。【小题18】考查形容词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. slow慢的、迟钝的；B. lively生动、活泼的；C. lucky幸运的；D. friendly友好的；为什么一个活泼的学生会成为一个学业上的失败者呢？故选B。【小题19】考查代词的辨析和对语境的理解。 A. Much许多；B. Any任何一个；C. Little少许；D. None一个也没有。句意为：我们教学所依据的很多知识框架都是有误导性的。故选A。【小题20】考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. turn转动；B. feed喂养；C. draw画、吸引；D. base基础。 Base…on 以…为基础。故选D。

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