英语翻译摘要：民航飞行的进近着陆阶段是飞行事故的高发阶段,着陆前的8分钟与起飞3分钟因事故率最高,被称为黑色的11分钟.

英语翻译
摘要：民航飞行的进近着陆阶段是飞行事故的高发阶段,着陆前的8分钟与起飞3分钟因事故率最高,被称为黑色的11分钟.在进近与着陆过程中,存在诸多影响其安全的因素,如机组、机场服务、设备、环境、进近程序等.
本文较为详细地介绍了起飞和降落阶段中的飞行操作,然后结合国际飞行安全基金会(FSF)减少进近着陆事故研究专家工作组为减少进近着陆阶段的事故发制定的进近着陆阶段的风险意识检查单,概述了检查单中的五项风险要素,在此基础上详细分析了每项要素,指出每项要素中的各条风险因素.并从中寻找导致飞行事故的原因,且加以整合,分析并归纳出保证航空安全的重要因素.提高飞行人员对进近与着陆风险因素的意识,同时也为降低进近与着陆风险,减少进近着陆事故做好铺垫.
关键词：飞行事故 进近着陆 风险意识检查单 风险要素

Will:civil aviation flight into nearly landing stage is flying high rates of accident,landing stage before 8 minutes and departure for 3 minutes,known as the highest rate of black 11 minutes.In the process of land,and close the security,there are many influence factors,such as a unit,airport service,equipment,environmental,approach procedure,etc.
This is introduced in detail the takeoff and landing phase of flight operations,and then international flight safety foundation (FSF) decrease in nearly landing accident research experts group to reduce the accidents in nearly landing stage of hair into nearly landing stage risk awareness,summarizes the checklist checklist five risk factors,on the basis of detailed analyses each element of each element,points out the various risk factors.And find the reason caused flight accidents,and conformity,and concludes that the important factor of aviation security.To improve aircrew with landing near the risk factors in the consciousness,but also for reducing the risk and reduce landed near and nearly landing accident in animals.
Keywords:flight accident risk consciousness into nearly landing risk checklist