马克吐温介绍(英文)

马克吐温介绍(英文)

Mark Twain (pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, 1835-1910), was an American writer, journalist and humorist, who won a worldwide audience for his stories of the youthful adventures of Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn.

Clemens was born on November 30, 1835 in Florida, Missouri, of a Virginian family. He was brought up in Hannibal, Missouri. After his father's death in 1847, he was apprenticed to a printer and wrote for his brother's newspaper. He later worked as a licensed Mississippi river-boat pilot. The Civil War put an end to the steamboat traffic and Clemens moved to Virginia City, where he edited the Territorial Enterprise. On February 3, 1863, 'Mark Twain' was born when Clemens signed a humorous travel account with that pseudonym.

In 1864 Twain left for California, and worked in San Francisco as a reporter. He visited Hawaii as a correspondent for The Sacramento Union, publishing letters on his trip and giving lectures. He set out on a world tour, traveling in France and Italy. His experiences were recorded in 1869 in The Innocents Abroad, which gained him wide popularity, and poked fun at both American and European prejudices and manners.

The success as a writer gave Twain enough financial security to marry Olivia Langdon in 1870. They moved next year to Hartford. Twain continued to lecture in the United States and England. Between 1876 and 1884 he published several masterpieces, Tom Sawyer (1881) and The Prince And The Pauper (1881). Life On The Mississippi appeared in 1883 andHuckleberry Finn in 1884.

In the 1890s Twain lost most of his earnings in financial speculations and in the failure of his own publishing firm. To recover from the bankruptcy, he started a world lecture tour, during which one of his daughters died. Twain toured New Zealand, Australia, India, and South Africa. He wrote such books as The Tragedy Of Pudd'head Wilson (1884), Personal Recollections Of Joan Of Arc (1885), A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (1889) and the travel book Following The Equator (1897). During his long writing career, Twain also produced a considerable number of essays.

The death of his wife and his second daughter darkened the author's later years, which is seen in his posthumously published autobiography (1924). Twain died on April 21, 1910.

马克·吐温（mark twain,1835年11月30日－1910年4月21日）,原名萨缪尔·兰亨·克莱门 （samuel langhorne clemens) (射手座）是美国的幽默大师、小说家、作家，也是著名演说家，19世纪后期美国现实主义文学的杰出代表。

虽然他的财富不多，却无损他的高超幽默、机智与名气，称美国

  

马克·吐温

最知名人士之一。其交友广阔，威廉·迪安·豪威尔士、安德鲁·卡内基、布克·华盛顿、尼古拉·特斯拉、海伦·凯勒、亨利·罗杰诸君，皆为其友。他曾被誉为：文学史上的林肯。海伦·凯勒曾言：“我喜欢马克·吐温——谁会不喜欢他呢？即使是上帝，亦会钟爱他，赋予其智慧，并于其心灵里绘画出一道爱与信仰的彩虹。”威廉·福克纳称马克·吐温为“第一位真正地美国作家，我们都是继承他而来”。其于1910年四月二十一日去世，享年七十五，安葬于纽约州艾玛拉。

　　写作风格：融幽默与讽刺一体，既富于独特的个人机智与妙语，又不乏深刻的社会洞察与剖析，既是幽默辛辣的小的杰作，又是悲天悯人的严肃!

　　他的代表作是《百万英镑》，在小学5年级人教版语文书第二学期时会学到的，是24课名叫《金钱的魔力》。

　　“马克·吐温”是其最常使用的笔名，一般认为这个笔名是源自

  

马克·吐温

其早年水手术语，马克·吐温的意思是：水深12英尺，萨缪尔（即“马克·吐温”）曾当过领航员，与其伙伴测量水深时，他的伙伴叫道“mark twain !”，意思是“两个标记”，亦即水深两浔（1浔约1.1米），这是轮船安全航行的必要条件。

　　还有一个原因是，他的船长塞勒斯，曾是位德高望重的领航员，不时为报纸写些介绍密西西比河掌故的小品，笔名“马克·吐温”。

　　1859年，塞勒斯船长发表了一篇预测新奥尔良市将被水淹没的文章。调皮的萨缪尔决定拿他开个玩笑，就模仿他的笔调写了一篇非常尖刻的讽刺小品。谁知这篇游戏文章竟深深刺痛了老船长的心，老船长从此弃笔不写，“马克·吐温”这个笔名也从此在报纸上销声匿迹了。

　　四年后，当上记者的萨缪尔得悉塞勒斯船长谢世的噩耗，为自己当年的恶作剧追悔不已，决心弥补这一过失，于是他继承了“马克·吐温”这个笔名，并以此开始了他的写作生涯。

　　但亦有一说，指其在西部流浪时，经常在酒店买酒两杯，并要求酒保在帐单上记“两个标记”。然而，孰真孰假，或两者皆虚，则无从稽考。他的真名叫“萨缪尔·兰亨·克莱门”