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根据下列材料,回答题TechnologyTransferinGermanyWhenitcomestotranslatingbasicresearchi

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共享题干题根据下列材料,回答题 Technology Transfer in Germany When it comes to translating basic research into industrial Success, few nations can match Germany. Since the 1940s, the nation's vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science.And though German prosperity (繁荣) has faltered (衰退) over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline, it still has an enviable record for turning ideas into profit. Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought -- after technologies. But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition. Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over. These efforts are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies. Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success, but it is not without its critics. These people worry that favoring applied research will mean neglecting basic science, eventually starving industry of fresh ideas. If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur (企业家), the argument goes, then the traditional principles of university research being curiosity-driven, free and widely available will suffer. Others claim that many of the programmers to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years. While this debate continues, new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany's research networks, which bear famous names such as Helmholtz, Max Planck and Leibniz. Yet it is the fourth network, the Fraunhofer Society, that plays the greatest role in technology transfer. Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe's largest organization for applied technology, and has 59 institutes employing 12000 people.It continues to grow. Last year, it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin. Today, there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia.1.[不定向选择题]When was the Fraunhofer Society founded?A.In 1940.? B.Last yea C.After the unification.? D.In 1949. 2.[不定向选择题]What factor can be attributed to German prosperity?A.Technology transfer.? B.Good managemen C.Hard work.? D.Fierce competitio
最佳答案
1.参考答案:D
参考解析:Fraunhofer成立于什么时候?A、1940年。?B、去年。?C、德国统一后。D、1949年。?细节题。利用题干Fraunhofer可以定位到最后一段“Founded in l949,theFraunhofer Society…”,所以D为正确答案。?
2.参考答案:A
参考解析:下列哪些因素推动了德国的繁荣?A、技术转化。B、良好的管理。C、工作努力。?D、激烈的竞争。?细节题。利用题干关键词 German prosperity可以定位到第一段“And though German prosperity has faltered over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline,it still has an enviable record for turning ideas into profit”,即“尽管德国的繁荣因为统一东德和西德的巨大成本和全球经济的衰退而开始衰落。但是它仍旧因为其将想法变成利益而拥有令人羡慕的记录”,由此可知,德国繁荣的原因之一就是将想法变成利润,即把理论转化为技术,所以A为正确答案。3.[不定向选择题]The word expertise in line 3 could be best replaced by_______.A.experts? B.scientists C.scholars? D.special knowledge
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