UNIX商标中“live free or die”的来历
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解决时间 2021-03-27 23:03
- 提问者网友：萌卜娃娃
- 2021-03-27 16:18
UNIX商标中“live free or die”的来历
最佳答案
- 五星知识达人网友：街头电车
- 2021-03-27 17:31
live free or die说的是UNIX商标的发展历程，翻译作要么活的精彩，要么死的痛快。
60年代AT&T的实验室Ken Thompson就开始早期的研发，打造一个简单的可复制的UNIX操作系统。那个时候的计算机好像房子那么大，在32K的内存和磁盘中生存。后来发展到AT&T为了保持企业的竞争壁垒打压竞争对手，用官僚抑制了开源的开放，等到贱卖后，商业化走向了两级，SUN，HP，IBM都定制了自己的类Unix系统，微软通过竞购也以此搭建了自己的软件帝国。今天的苹果也是由此发展成自己的封闭生态；Linux也在开源的进化中被微软的操作系统挤压直到今天的互联网开放性发展；谷歌操作系统再次满满发挥出与微软操作系统不一样的光芒！
60年代AT&T的实验室Ken Thompson就开始早期的研发，打造一个简单的可复制的UNIX操作系统。那个时候的计算机好像房子那么大，在32K的内存和磁盘中生存。后来发展到AT&T为了保持企业的竞争壁垒打压竞争对手，用官僚抑制了开源的开放，等到贱卖后，商业化走向了两级，SUN，HP，IBM都定制了自己的类Unix系统，微软通过竞购也以此搭建了自己的软件帝国。今天的苹果也是由此发展成自己的封闭生态；Linux也在开源的进化中被微软的操作系统挤压直到今天的互联网开放性发展；谷歌操作系统再次满满发挥出与微软操作系统不一样的光芒！
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- 1楼网友：封刀令
- 2021-03-27 18:17
In 1980 Bill and Karen Shannon got a new Datsun 280ZX. Bill was an engineer working on Unix at Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) and he registered the car with a vanity license plate, "UNIX".
Armando P. Stettner was a Digital engineer with a marketing flair who wanted to have a give-away for an upcoming USENIX technical conference.
One day Armando was driving and he saw a Florida "Sunshine State" plate on the front of a car in a parking lot and was inspired to make a fake license plate as a hand-out. At first Armando considered making a "Sunshine State" license, then thought about New Mexico's "Land of Enchantment", but eventually settled on the New Hampshire License plate motif. The fact that "Live Free or Die" was New Hampshire's state motto and appeared on every license plate made the choice even more fitting, as Armando felt the phrase met UNIX's minimalistic and libertarian orientation.
Armando laid out the license plate with:
LIVE FREE OR DIE
UNIX*
*TRADEMARK OF BELL LABS
and found someone in the marketing group who located a supplier that made the plates.
Armando's manager, Bill Munson, accepted the idea of DEC not being mentioned anyplace on the plate, highly unusual for a giveaway (at that time nicknamed "swag") at an event and obtained the funding for the project.
The first batch of 3000 license plates were distributed in a hospitality suite at the conference. After the conference Bill Munson told Armando that he had received a letter from Western Electric (WeCo) saying the plates were in violation of our licensing and violated their trademark and DEC might be in trouble. Then Munson said the letter arrived at about the same time as a call from WeCo's head of UNIX licensing who said to ignore the letter as they needed to do that to show they were protecting their trademarks. The WeCo manager also said he thought the license plates were great and he wanted some for his group.
Bill and Karen moved west in 1982 to help start up Sun, and Armando registered the New Hampshire Unix vanity plate the first day it became available (by going to New Hampshire's state capital, Concord) and put the plate on a brand new 1983 Toyota Celica Supra.
Digital published several versions over the years, mostly changing the trademark notation:
* Trademark of Bell Labs
* Trademark of AT&T Bell Labs
and eventually
*Trademark of X/Open
but they also once (for a short time) replaced the word "UNIX" with "Ultrix" (their own version of Unix) and later added "Tru-64" down the side of the plate. The DEC logo also crept onto one or two editions of the license plate.
Over the years many, many plates were made and distributed. The plates were hung over systems administrators desks, in programmer's offices, and in many, many universities. They "escaped" to many countries, carried there by the Unix faithful. A copy of the plate is in the Smithsonian, and also in the Computer History Museum in Mountainview, California.
In 1985 Armando moved to California. For a while he kept his car registered in New Hampshire just to keep the plates. That is, until he received his first ticket from a California Highway Patrolman, who wrote him up a ticket not for the original violation, but for the much more expensive "equipment violation" for not having his car registered in California.
In late 1988 Jon "maddog" Hall bought a brand new 1989 model year Jeep Wrangler. Having worked in Digital's Unix group since 1983, and for Bell Laboratories before that, maddog was also a Unix bigot and well aware of the legacy of Armando's Unix license plate design. Wondering if Armando had dropped the registration of the plate when he moved to California and whether anyone else had registered it, maddog (like Armando before him) went directly to New Hampshire motor vehicles in the state capital and asked to register:
* First choice: UNIX
* Second choice: UNIX&
* Third choice: +UNIX+
He was overjoyed to be told that his first choice was available, and a short time later the "UNIX - Live Free or Die" vanity license plate was on his Wrangler. It stayed on that Jeep for twenty years before being transfered to yet another Jeep Wrangler, where it remains today.
Now versions of the UNIX plate have the phrase "UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group."
And now you know the story.
Armando P. Stettner was a Digital engineer with a marketing flair who wanted to have a give-away for an upcoming USENIX technical conference.
One day Armando was driving and he saw a Florida "Sunshine State" plate on the front of a car in a parking lot and was inspired to make a fake license plate as a hand-out. At first Armando considered making a "Sunshine State" license, then thought about New Mexico's "Land of Enchantment", but eventually settled on the New Hampshire License plate motif. The fact that "Live Free or Die" was New Hampshire's state motto and appeared on every license plate made the choice even more fitting, as Armando felt the phrase met UNIX's minimalistic and libertarian orientation.
Armando laid out the license plate with:
LIVE FREE OR DIE
UNIX*
*TRADEMARK OF BELL LABS
and found someone in the marketing group who located a supplier that made the plates.
Armando's manager, Bill Munson, accepted the idea of DEC not being mentioned anyplace on the plate, highly unusual for a giveaway (at that time nicknamed "swag") at an event and obtained the funding for the project.
The first batch of 3000 license plates were distributed in a hospitality suite at the conference. After the conference Bill Munson told Armando that he had received a letter from Western Electric (WeCo) saying the plates were in violation of our licensing and violated their trademark and DEC might be in trouble. Then Munson said the letter arrived at about the same time as a call from WeCo's head of UNIX licensing who said to ignore the letter as they needed to do that to show they were protecting their trademarks. The WeCo manager also said he thought the license plates were great and he wanted some for his group.
Bill and Karen moved west in 1982 to help start up Sun, and Armando registered the New Hampshire Unix vanity plate the first day it became available (by going to New Hampshire's state capital, Concord) and put the plate on a brand new 1983 Toyota Celica Supra.
Digital published several versions over the years, mostly changing the trademark notation:
* Trademark of Bell Labs
* Trademark of AT&T Bell Labs
and eventually
*Trademark of X/Open
but they also once (for a short time) replaced the word "UNIX" with "Ultrix" (their own version of Unix) and later added "Tru-64" down the side of the plate. The DEC logo also crept onto one or two editions of the license plate.
Over the years many, many plates were made and distributed. The plates were hung over systems administrators desks, in programmer's offices, and in many, many universities. They "escaped" to many countries, carried there by the Unix faithful. A copy of the plate is in the Smithsonian, and also in the Computer History Museum in Mountainview, California.
In 1985 Armando moved to California. For a while he kept his car registered in New Hampshire just to keep the plates. That is, until he received his first ticket from a California Highway Patrolman, who wrote him up a ticket not for the original violation, but for the much more expensive "equipment violation" for not having his car registered in California.
In late 1988 Jon "maddog" Hall bought a brand new 1989 model year Jeep Wrangler. Having worked in Digital's Unix group since 1983, and for Bell Laboratories before that, maddog was also a Unix bigot and well aware of the legacy of Armando's Unix license plate design. Wondering if Armando had dropped the registration of the plate when he moved to California and whether anyone else had registered it, maddog (like Armando before him) went directly to New Hampshire motor vehicles in the state capital and asked to register:
* First choice: UNIX
* Second choice: UNIX&
* Third choice: +UNIX+
He was overjoyed to be told that his first choice was available, and a short time later the "UNIX - Live Free or Die" vanity license plate was on his Wrangler. It stayed on that Jeep for twenty years before being transfered to yet another Jeep Wrangler, where it remains today.
Now versions of the UNIX plate have the phrase "UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group."
And now you know the story.
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