下图为美国《时代周刊》1962年8月刊的封面（Berlin wall），柏林墙有一个美丽的代号“中国长城第二”。关

下图为美国《时代周刊》1962年8月刊的封面（Berlin wall），柏林墙有一个美丽的代号“中国长城第二”。关于柏林墙，以下说法不正确的有
A．柏林墙的倒塌标志着德国的统一，也推动了前苏联解体和冷战结束
B．柏林墙的建立是二战以后德国分裂和冷战的重要标志性建筑
C．柏林墙修筑的目的是为阻止西方势力的渗透而筑
D．柏林墙修筑的直接原因是1919年德国分裂、美苏冷战导致的

D



试题分析：柏林墙的修筑是二战后美苏两级对峙冷战的产物，二战后美苏英法对德国实施了分区占领导致了德国的分裂，不是1919年的产物，所以选D

the berlin wall (german: berliner mauer) was a barrier separating west berlin from east berlin and the rest of east germany. the longer 'inner german border' demarcated the remainder of the east-west german border between the two states. both borders were part of the iron curtain. the wall separated east berlin and west berlin for 28 years, from the day construction began on august 13, 1961 until it was dismantled in 1989, and was considered to be a longtime symbol of the iron curtain.[1] during this period, at least 133 people were confirmed killed trying to cross the wall into west berlin, according to official figures.[2] however, a prominent victims' group claims that more than 200 people had been killed trying to flee from east to west berlin.[3] the gdr/east german government gave shooting orders to border guards dealing with defectors; such orders are not the same as shoot to kill orders which gdr officials have denied exist.[4] when the east german government announced on november 9, 1989, after several weeks of civil unrest, that visits in west germany and west berlin would be permitted, crowds of east germans climbed onto and crossed the wall, joined by west germans on the other side in a celebratory atmosphere. over the next few weeks, parts of the wall were chipped away by a euphoric public and by souvenir hunters; industrial equipment was later used to remove almost all of the rest of it. the fall of the berlin wall paved the way for german reunification, which was formally concluded on october 3, 1990.