英国餐桌礼仪(中英文)

急急 !!!!!!!!快点!!谢拉!

The Role of Manners?

There is not much call for a complete working knowledge of table manners in America today. Many families only gather all at once around the dinner table at holiday feasts, and most restaurants are too casual to require, or even to allow for, more than basic good table manners. If, having dropped his napkin, a diner at a bistro were to attempt to practice proper etiquette by signaling a member of the staff to bring a fresh one, he would probably have to do without a napkin at all. Try as he might to make eye contact and indicate the nature of the problem with a subtle wiggle of the eyebrow and downward flicker of the glance, he is likely to succeed only in causing his date to think he is making a play for the server. Although strict good manners forbid placing a used eating utensil back on the table, the server removing a plate on which a fork has quite properly been positioned "pointing at 11 o'clock" might just plop that item back where it started, making more of a clatter than if the diner had simply done it herself.

From time to time -- perhaps at an important business dinner, a romantic date at an expensive restaurant, or a first dinner with the family of the person who may be "the One" -- it is necessary to display a more sophisticated knowledge of table etiquette. This is not difficult, once you have mastered the basics. Anyone armed with this core knowledge and the ability to adapt smoothly to the situation at hand will be able to handle even the most formal event. The goal is not, after all, to demonstrate utter mastery of the most arcane details of etiquette (which would be quite difficult considering the wide variations of customs in different cultures and from generation to generation), but rather to behave with graciousness and poise at the table.

Mastering the Basics

Much of the difficulty encountered in learning table manners derives from the struggle to master the ritual handling of the various tools involved. In order to display the right social veneer, it is necessary to sit at the table with elegant ease and wield the utensils with aplomb. The diner who leaves the napkin folded on his plate until it obstructs the placement of his appetizer plate reveals his lack of training. The dinner party guest who observes with dismay the array of flatware on either side of her plate, need only take the time to learn the simple secret to the plan. There are, of course, a few tips and pitfalls to be aware of, as well as the occasional surprising item you can eat with your hands. Here is a quick guide which will help steer you through even the most formal of occasions.

Table Manners in England (UK) The British generally pay a lot of attention to good table manners. Even young children are expected to eat properly with knife and fork. We eat most of our food with cutlery. The foods we don't eat with a knife, fork or spoon include sandwiches, crisps, corn on the cob, and fruit. Things you should do: If you cannot eat a certain type of food or have some special needs, tell your host several days before the dinner party. If you are a guest, it is polite to wait until your host starts eating or indicates you should do so. It shows consideration. Always chew and swallow all the food in your mouth before taking more or taking a drink. You may eat chicken and pizza with your fingers if you are at a barbecue, finger buffet or very informal setting. Otherwise always use a knife and fork. Always say thank you when served something. It shows appreciation. When eating rolls, break off a piece of bread before buttering. Eating it whole looks tacky. When eating soup, tip the bowl away from you and scoop the soup up with your spoon. When you have finished eating, and to let others know that you have, place your knife and folk together, with the prongs (tines) on the fork facing upwards, on your plate. In a restaurant, it is normal to pay for your food by putting your money on the plate the bill comes on. Things you should not do: Never lick or put your knife in your mouth. It is impolite to start eating before everyone has been served unless your host says that you don't need to wait. Never chew with your mouth open. No one wants to see food being chewed or hearing it being chomped on. It is impolite to have your elbows on the table while you are eating. Don't reach over someone's plate for something, ask for the item to be passed. Never talk with food in your mouth. It is impolite to put too much food in your mouth. Never use your fingers to push food onto your spoon or fork. It is impolite to slurp your food or eat noisily. Never blow your nose on a napkin (serviette). Napkins are for dabbing your lips and only for that. Never take food from your neighbours plate. Never pick food out of your teeth with your fingernails. Things that are ok to do: It is ok to eat and drink something while walking down the street, unless you want to seem posh. It is ok to pour your own drink when eating with other people, but it is more polite to offer pouring drinks to the people sitting on either side of you. It is ok to put milk and sugar in your tea and coffee or to drink them both without either. I am not used to eating with a knife and fork. What do I need to know? We eat continental style, with fork in the left hand and the knife in the right (or the other way round if you are left handed). At the top of your plate will be a dessert spoon and dessert fork. If you are eating at a formal dinner party, you will come across many knives and forks. Start with the utensils on the outside and work your way inward with each subsequent course How to eat with a knife and fork in England The fork is held in the left hand and the knife in the right. If you have a knife in one hand, it is wrong to have a fork in the other with the prongs (tines) pointed up. Hold your knife with the handle in your palm and your folk in the other hand with the prongs pointing downwards.

讲到吃的礼节，不同的国家或文化常存在着许多差异，亚洲人认为挺礼貌的举动，欧洲人见了可能感到很不文雅；中东国家餐桌上特殊的用餐礼仪，到了美国人的餐桌上使用起来就变成了粗鲁的动作了尽管有着许多不同，谨记下面的各国一些礼仪，免得出丑。 在韩国和朝鲜吃饭时不能边谈边吃，并把此作为人人应遵守的礼节，如果随便出声，极可能引起人们的反感。 埃及人在用饭时，也忌交谈，与韩国不同的是不是出于礼貌，而是出于对神的尊敬，如果不遵守就会被认为是对神的亵渎。 在斯里兰卡则更进一步、吃喝都不能出声，其中包括喝汤、渴水时也不能出声，他们甚至把此当作一条严格的禁戒。缅甸人更奇，忌禁在用餐时吹口哨或用嘴吹食物，认为这样做会把财源吹跑。 在沙特阿拉伯、也门和阿曼等国家的餐桌上，热情的主人总是不让客人的酒杯空着。表示自己喝够了的唯一办法，是将杯子拿在手中，向两边微晃，这样主人就不再斟酒了。 在保加利亚和尼泊尔，当主人请外来的客人喝饮料的时候，客人如果是点头，那就只好看人家喝。因为在这两个国家，习惯上点头是表示“不”，而摇头才表示“是”。 在英国、中东地区的一些国家，对主人提供的饮料，客人以不过三杯为宜。到韩国人家做客则要注意不能喝第四杯饮料，不能吃第四碗饭，不能一次上四个菜肴。西欧则规定不能上第十三道菜肴，不能十三个人同桌共餐。 在印度和中东一些国家，吃饭和拿接食品，只能用右手，绝对不能用左手。因为一般左手是用来洗澡，上厕所的，不洁静，所以用左手拿接食品是不礼貌的。 在匈牙利规矩就更多，如宴会忌单数，尤忌13，打碎玻璃器具是凶兆，星期五是不吉祥的日子。 与英国人一起用餐，吃饭时就忌谈生意，他们是不会加以理睬的。相反，美国人则可边吃边谈，而且还会谈得很起劲，成功率也比较高。 餐桌上的规矩也存在很大的差异，如欧美各国和地区之间，可以说是千差万别的。以刀叉用法而言，有传统的英国式，也有大为轻便的美国式，还有用手抓着吃的印度绅士。但有的普遍通用的规矩就应注意，如果餐桌上遇到自己不喜欢吃的菜，服务员从大盘中依次分给各人的菜盘上时，予以婉谢。一旦将菜接到自己的菜盘上之后，留着不吃，就不够礼貌，还犯了规矩。 在进餐期间，不要抽烟，要等到饭后喝咖啡时，可以抽烟，如有女性同席，应先问声：“可以抽烟吗？”征得同意后，才可抽烟。如邻座女士也要抽烟，应先给她点烟，自己不要先点烟，待有人点烟，自己再点。 在餐桌上祝酒，无论什么样的酒，从饮料到香槟酒等都可以用来祝酒，对别人祝酒如果自己不喝，这是非常失礼的行为。假如你确实喝不下这杯烈性酒，可把酒杯端到嘴边做一个象征性的动作。 另外，餐桌上不要看别人吃东西，这也是不礼貌的行为。在餐桌上还要注意一些规矩，如涉及个人私事，切忌问及。如年龄、工资收入、是否结婚、打扮、容貌及私生活等千万不要过问，以免犯规矩。如遇到棘手的问题，应沉着应付，态度要自然，大方。假如你陷入某种尴尬境地，需要保持冷静，要机智地使自己能顺利解围，不失尊严。