who,which,whom,that的区别。

后面分别跟什么格

1.that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）
The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）
2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）
The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）
3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom， 也可省略。例如：
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）
Who is the teacher （whom） Li Ming is talking to？ 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）

注意：
（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who， that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：
This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：
This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。
（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：
The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。
（4）关系词只能用that的情况：
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？
c.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：
Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？
f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：
a.先行词为that， those时，用which， 而不用that.例如：
What‘s that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？
b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which， 而不用that.例如：
Tom came back， which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。

定语从句中的关系代词who，whose，whom，that，which。 who作为从句的主语或宾语 I know the girl who is Tom's sister. Do you know the man who I just talk with? whose充当物主代词 “谁/什么的” That is the old man whose son is our headmaster. Don't sit on the chair whose leg is broken. whom 充当宾语，放介词之后 That is the man with whom I just talk. Peter is the boy from whom I borrow a bike. that 多数代替事物，也有很少的时候代替人 this film is the best one that I have ever seen. which 代替事物，主语宾语都可以指代。 I want to visit the factory which I worked in three years ago. 希望能解决您的问题。

1.the first thing _that___ you must do is to have a meal.

2.april 1st is the day __which___ is called april fools day in the west.

3.the family ___which__ had last everything in a big fire got much help from friends.

4.the house __which___ we live in is very old.

5.did not see the man __who___ i talked with just now?

6.i hate people __who___ talk much but do little.

8.the boy __who___ is wearing a jacket is my brother.

9.those are the shoes __whom___ i bought last week.

10.that is the man ___who__ found my backpack