Play is the basic business of childhood, and in recent years more and more research has sh

Play is the basic business of childhood, and in recent years more and more research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy （婴儿）, every child needs opportunity and the right material for play, and the main tools of play are toys. The main function of toys is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in this, they must be good toys, which children will play with often and will come back to again and again. Therefore, it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development.
In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited(遗传的) abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby's ability to benefit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully.
The next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws and construction toys; painting, scribbling(乱涂) and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others．
By the third stage of play development—from five to seven or eight years old— the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school. It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys.
Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a child. But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning. Toys are still interesting and valuable, which lead up to new hobbies, but their significance has changed —to a child of nine or ten years old, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.
【小题1】The writer wants us to understand that a child .A．cannot grow up without toysB．matures（使成熟） through playC．uses toys as friendsD．has to be taught how to play【小题2】According to the passage, the abilities a child has inherited from his parents .A．determine his characterB．will not change after the age of threeC．partly determine the standard he is likely to reachD．to a large extent determine the choice of toys【小题3】The passage tells us that children are the most curious when they are about .A．two years oldB．one year oldC．six years oldD．four years old【小题4】The article is about .A．the importance of playB．the importance of booksC．the relationship between play and workD．children’s speech developmentB

(答案→)B 解析：本文主要讲述的是通过玩，孩子可以学到很多的饿知识。玩在孩子的发展过程中起着很重要的作用。【小题1】B 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段1,2行Play is the basic business of childhood, and in recent years more and more research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being.说明本文主要讲述的是通过玩，孩子可以学到很多的饿知识。玩在孩子的发展过程中起着很重要的作用。故B正确。【小题2】C 细节题。根据第二段1,2,3三行In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited(遗传的) abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life.说明C正确。【小题3】D 细节题。根据第三段The next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds.说明在3-5岁之间孩子是好奇心最重的，故D正确。【小题4】A 主旨大意题。根据文章内容所叙，是关于在各个年龄段中玩对于孩子的成长的重要性。故A正确。

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