Putting in water fountains(饮水器) at schools, and teaching children about the health benefit

Putting in water fountains(饮水器) at schools, and teaching children about the health benefits of water, could reduce their risk of getting extra pounds, reports a new study that is published in the latest issue of the journal pediatrics.
The findings are based on a survey in 32 elementary schools of two German cities, Dortmund and Essen. The researchers, led by Rebecca Muckelbauer, a nutrionist at the Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, weighed about 3,000 children, and asked them about their beverage(饮料) consumption.
At the beginning of the school year, the experts had water fountains added to 17 of the schools. The scientists also worked with teachers to carry out educational programs that promote the benefits of drinking water. In contrast to schools in the United States, there are very few schools in Germany that have water fountains.
At the beginning of the study, there were no big differences in the number of overweight children in different groups. But by the end of the school year, children in the schools with water fountains were 31 percent less likely to gain extra pounds, compared to kids who went to other schools, where water drinking was not encouraged.[来源:学
Children in the schools with fountains, increased their water consumption from about 3 up to 4 glasses a day, while those in the other schools continued to drink an average of 3 glasses. Over the research, the number of overweight kids upped from 384 to 385 out of 1,641 at the schools with water fountains. In comparison, the number of overweight kids at the other schools increased from 339 to 364 out of 1,309, Dr. Muckelbauer said.
The experts cannot make any final conclusions and explain why the students who were encouraged to drink water were less likely to gain extra weight. Dr. Muckelbauer noted that according to a few other studies, drinking of water increases the rate at which calories are burned, while some other research suggested that water may temporarily decrease appetite.
【小题1】According to the text, the journal Pediatrics .A．may cover the subject of the health of childrenB．mainly deals with the water drinking problemC．is mainly about the mental health of kidsD．must be a journal entitled(授权) by a school【小题2】What do we know about the survey from the text?A．The teacher were also encouraged to drink water.B．The students surveyed were all overweight.C．It surveyed children in the countryside.D．It lasted for a whole school year.【小题3】The fifth paragraph is mainly about .A．the technique used in the surveyB．the benefits of the surveyC．the process of the surveyD．the result of the survey【小题4】What can be learned from the last paragraph?A．Drinking water definitely decreases appetite.B．Further research is needed to confirm the finding.C．The experts will encourage all the students to drink water.D．Why students drinking more get less pounds will be clear soon.A

(答案→)A 解析：文章介绍了由Dortmund and Essen两人主持的一项调查研究，要教给学生水的健康元素，这样可以减少学生增胖的可能，这项调查是在两个德国城市的32个学校展开的，在研究初期不同的小组增肥学生的总数没有太大不同，但是在学年结束的时候，大约有百分之三十一的学生都似乎没有变胖，用饮水机的学生的饮水量有所增加，而其它学生基本保持不变，而用饮水机的学生变胖的总数没有其它学校的学生变胖的总数多，专家也不能做出最后的结论，也无法解释为什么学生在鼓励喝水的同时并没有发胖。【小题1】A综合理解题。由Dortmund and Essen两人主持的一项调查研究，要教给学生水的健康元素，这样可以减少学生增胖的可能，这项调查是在两个德国城市的32个学校展开的，在研究初期不同的小组增肥学生的总数没有太大不同，但是在学年结束的时候，大约有百分之三十一的学生都似乎没有变胖，用饮水机的学生的饮水量有所增加，而其它学生基本保持不变，而用饮水机的学生变胖的总数没有其它学校的学生变胖的总数多，专家也不能做出最后的结论，也无法解释为什么学生在鼓励喝水的同时并没有发胖。这篇文章出自于the journal Pediatrics这本刊物，所以由此可知这本杂志是有关儿童健康问题的，故答案应为D。【小题2】D细节判断题。At the beginning of the study, there were no big differences in the number of overweight children in different groups. But by the end of the school year, children in the schools with water fountains were 31 percent less likely to gain extra pounds, 句意为：在研究开始的时候，在不同的分组里面发胖的学生总数没有什么不同，但到了学年结束的时候----由此可知这项研究持续了一年的时间。故答案应为D。【小题3】D细节理解题。Children in the schools with fountains, increased their water consumption from about 3 up to 4 glasses a day, while those in the other schools continued to drink an average of 3 glasses. Over the research, the number of overweight kids upped from 384 to 385 out of 1,641 at the schools with water fountains. In comparison, the number of overweight kids at the other schools increased from 339 to 364 out of 1,309, Dr. Muckelbauer said.句意为：用饮水机的学生增加了他们水的消耗量从大约三杯到了一天四杯，而其它学校的学生他们的饮水量仍然是平均三杯，但前者在1641个学生里面增学生总数从384到了385个，而后者没有安装饮水机的学校学生在1309名学生中，增胖的总数从339个上升到了364个。所以本自然段讲的是研究的结果，故答案应为D。【小题4】B综合理解题。The experts cannot make any final conclusions and explain why the students who were encouraged to drink water were less likely to gain extra weight. Dr. Muckelbauer noted that according to a few other studies, drinking of water increases the rate at which calories are burned, while some other research suggested that water may temporarily decrease appetite.句意为：专家还不能做出最后的结论，也不能解释多喝水的学生为什么似乎没有增肥，所以还需要继续研究以证实他的发现。故答案应为B。【考点】考查健康保健类文章的阅读理解。

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