英语翻译The accumulated amount of what government has borrowed t

英语翻译
The accumulated amount of what government has borrowed to finance past deficits is called the government or public debt.Most government debt is in short-term interest-bearing securities,such as treasury bills or notes.
The government debt has a simple relationship to the government deficit：the increase in the government debt over a given year is equal to the budget deficit.For example,at the beginning of fiscal year 1992,$2,484 billion of federal debt was held by the public.The total budget deficit for 1992 (including so-called off-budget items) was stimulated to be $281 billion.Ignoring any changes in the government's bank balances or in the Federal Reserve's holdings,borrowing requirements for 1992 would be $281 billion.So at the end of 1992,federal debt would be $2,484+ $281= $2,765 billion.
Most government debt is owned by financial institutions,such as banks and insurance companies.These groups receive interest on the government debt (at an average rate of 8 percent per year in 1990).
Historical Trends To assess the importance of the present public debt,it is always useful to start by placing the problem in historical perspective.Do interest payments on the debt swallow up much of the GNP?How does the total of all public interest payments compare with the figures for past years and with the experience of other countries?
To see how America's present debt compares with that of the past and with Britain's debt,look at Table 11-2.This shows each nation's government debt in relation to size of gross national product and interest payments.In 1991 our national debt of about $2,484 billion represented 44 percent of our annual $5,620 billion GNP.The debt's interest payments represented 3.7 percent of that GNP.

累计金额什么政府借来的资金赤字是过去所谓的政府或公共债务.大多数政府债务是短期的计息证券,如国库券或债券.
政府债务有一个简单的关系,政府赤字：增加政府债务超过某一年等于预算赤字.例如,开始时的1992年财政年度,二点四八四美元亿联邦债务是公众持有的.总的预算赤字为1992年（包括所谓的非预算项目） ,刺激被二千八百一万点零万美元.忽视任何改变政府的银行存款余额,或在联邦储备银行控股公司, 1992年借款需求将二千八百十点零零零亿美元.因此,在1992年底,联邦债务将二点四八四美元+为2.81 =二点七六五美元亿美元.
大部分债务是政府拥有的金融机构,如银行和保险公司.这些团体得到的利息,政府债务（以平均每年百分之八在1990年） .
历史趋势评估的重要性,目前的公共债务,它始终是有用的,开始把这个问题从历史的角度.不要支付利息的债务吞掉大部分国民生产总值?如何总共支付所有公共利益的比较数字,过去几年与其他国家的经验?
看看美国目前的债务相比,在过去和英国的债务,看看表11-2 .这表明每一个国家的政府债务规模与国民生产总值和利息支付等.在1991年我们国家的债务约为200 ,四千八百四十〇万点零零万代表百分之四十四的年度国民生产总值五点六二零美元亿.债务的利息代表3 .百分之七的国民生产总值.