Even while in a deep sleep, people can still learn brand new information. Sleepers soak i

Even while in a deep sleep, people can still learn brand new information. Sleepers soak in new associations between smells and sounds, knowledge that lingers(逗留）into the next waking day, researchers report online August 26 in Nature Neuroscience.
The new study is the first to show that entirely new information can get into the sleeping mind, says Anat Arzi of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel. The brain is not passive while you sleep. It's quite active. You can do quite a lot of things while you are asleep.
But the results don't mean that Spanish vocabulary tapes now have a place on the nightstand. L, Researchers have tried but largely failed to find evidence that complicated information, such as new pairs of words, can make its way into the brain during sleep.
Instead of trying to teach people something complicated like a new language, Arzi and her colleagues relied on the sense of smell and hearing. As anyone who has walked by a dumpster（垃圾车）in July knows, smells can cause a nose-jerk reaction. Catching a bad smell automatically makes people inhale(吸气)less, reducing the size of the inhale. But scent of fresh bread causes a long, deep inhale.、rzi and her team took advantage of this reaction for their experiment.
As people slept in the laboratory, the researchers delivered pleasant scent, such as shampoo. As this nice smell got into the sleepers' noses, the researchers played a particular music. Later, a disgusting smell, such as rotten fish or meat, was paired with a different music. Neither the smell nor the sound woke people up. After just four exposures to the smell-music pair during a single night, the sleepers started to automatically respond to the tones without the accompanying smells, taking in bigger breaths when the shampoo-associated tone played and smaller breaths when played the sound linked to the rotten fish smell.
This new learned association lingered into the next waking day, too. Even though the sleepers had no idea they had been exposed to smells or sounds, their behavior proved that their brain had actually learned something during sleep. As before, the shampoo sound stimulated a long, deep inhale, while the rotten fish tone caused more shallow breaths.
【小题1】We can infer from the passage thatA．while sleeping, we can learn whatever we want to learnB．we will increase the size of inhale if we catch a pleasant smellC．the knowledge we learned while sleeping will be forgotten in the next waken dayD．when walking by a bakery, the fresh bread will cause a nose-jerk reaction【小题2】What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A．One can’t acquire complicated knowledge during the sleeping hours.B．Spanish vocabulary tapes now have a place on the nightstandC．Researchers have tried to find evidence that the new words can be learned during sleep.D．Complicated information can make its way into the brain during sleep【小题3】How do Arzi and her team do their research? ByA．giving instructionsB．analyzing human brainsC．following the guides of othersD．doing experiments【小题4】In which part of a website may this passage most likely appear?A．Culture.B．Science.C．History.D．Economy.B

(答案→)B 解析：这篇文章介绍一项研究报告：人们在睡眠的状态下不是被动的马尔斯积极的，可以获取信息也能第气味做出反应。【小题1】推理题：从文章第四段的句子: Catching a bad smell automatically makes people inhale(吸气)less, reducing the size of the inhale ，But scent of fresh bread causes a long, deep inhale.可以推断出当闻到好闻的气味，人们会增加吸气的量，选B【小题2】段落大意题：从第三段的句子：Researchers have tried but largely failed to find evidence that complicated information, such as new pairs of words, can make its way into the brain during sleep.可知这段讲的是在睡眠的时候，人们是不能获得复杂的知识的，选A【小题3】细节题：从文章第四段的句子：Aizi and her team took advantage of this reaction for their experiment.可知Arzi 和他的团队是通过做实验来做研究的，选D【小题4】文章出处题：通过文章的第一段的内容：可知这篇文章介绍人们在睡眠的状态下不是被动的马尔斯积极的，可以获取信息也能第气味做出反应，所以是出自报纸的科技版面，选B

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