People with disabilities make up a large part of the population. It is estimated（估计） that

People with disabilities make up a large part of the population. It is estimated（估计） that over 35 million Americans have physical, mental, or other disabilities. About half of these disabilities are “developmental, i.e., they occur before the individual's twenty-second birthday, often from genetic conditions, and are severe enough to affect three or more areas of development, such as mobility, communication, employment, etc. Most other disabilities are considered “adventitious, i.e., accidental or caused by outside forces.
Prior to the 20th century, only a small percentage of people with disabilities survived for long. Medical treatment for these disabilities was unavailable. Advancements in medicine and social services have created a climate in which people with disabilities can expect to have such basic needs as food, shelter, and medical treatment. Unfortunately, these basics are often not available. Civil liberties such as the right to vote, marry, get an education, and gain employment have historically been denied on the basis of disability.
In recent decades, the disability rights movement has been organized to fight against these infringements（违反；侵犯）of civil rights. Congress responded by passing major legislation recognizing people with disabilities as a protected class under civil rights statutes.
Still today, people with disabilities must fight to live their lives independently. It is estimated that more than half of qualified Americans with disabilities are unemployed, and a majority of those who do work are underemployed. About two-thirds live at or below the official poverty level.
Significant barriers, especially in transportation and public awareness, prevent disabled people from taking part in society. For example, while no longer prohibited by law from marrying, a person with no access to transportation is effectively excluded from community and social activities which might lead to the development of long-term relationships.
Only when public attitudes advance as far as laws have will disabled people be fully able to take their rightful place in society.
【小题1】A “developmental disability .A．develops very slowly over timeB．is caused by forcesC．occurs in youth and affects developmentD．is getting more and more severe【小题2】Most disabled people used to die early because .A．disabilities destroyed major bodily functionsB．they were not very well looked afterC．medical techniques were not availableD．they were too poor to get proper treatment【小题3】In the author's opinion, to enable the disabled people to take their rightful place in society, .A．more laws should be passedB．public attitudes should be changedC．government should provide more aidsD．more public facilities should be set up【小题4】Which of the following cannot be inferred from the passage ?A．Many disabled people may remain single for their whole life.B．The public tends to look down upon the disabled people.C．The disabled people feel inferior to those surrounding them.D．Discriminatory laws prevent the disabled from mixing with others.【小题5】The best title for this passage might be .A．Handicaps（障碍）of People with DisabilitiesB．The physical difficulties of the DisabledC．The Causes for Disabilities D．Medical Treatments for DisabilitiesC

(答案→)C 解析：【小题1】细节题;从第一段对developmental disability 的定义：About half of these disabilities are “developmental, i.e., they occur before the individual's twenty-second birthday, often from genetic conditions, and are severe enough to affect three or more areas of development,看出答案是C【小题2】细节题：从第二段的句子：only a small percentage of people with disabilities survived for long. Medical treatment for these disabilities was unavailable. 说明答案是C【小题3】细节题：从最后一句话：Only when public attitudes advance as far as laws have will disabled people be fully able to take their rightful place in society.说明答案是B【小题4】排除题：文章的四五段分别提到A、B、C，只有D项没提到。【小题5】主旨题：从文章第一段的第一句话和全篇文章可知最好的标题是A。

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