什么是简单句？复合句变简单句怎样变？

http://baike.baidu.com/view/238672.htm?fr=ala0

复合句变简单句是英语句型转换的一种重要形式，也是我们运用英语所应掌握的技能。现对转换形式作一解题指导。

规则一：将宾语从句变为简单句

1.用不定式改写。将宾语从句中谓语动词变为不定式。主句谓语一般是既可接不定式，也可接that从句的动词，如hope，agree，decide等。若宾语从句由连接代（副）词引导时，要变为“疑问词＋不定式”。如：

We all agreed that we should leave at once．→ We all agreed to leave at once．

The foreigners want to know how they can learn to do Chinese Kongfu well. → The foreigners want to know how to learn to do Chinese Kongfu well.

2.用复合宾语，即"主语+谓语+宾语+宾补"这种结构语改写。如：

I saw he went into that house just now ．→ I saw him go into that house just now．

I heard she was singing in English．→ I heard her singing in English．

3.用名词或名词短语改写。如：

Do you understand what I said？→ Do you understand my words？

规则二：将状语从句变为简单句

1. so．．．that引导的结果状语从句常与too．．．to或enough to结构转换。当that从句为肯定句时，用enough to改写；当that从句为否定句时，与too．．．to结构转换，与enough to转换时，形容词或副词应变为与之相反的词，前面动词用否定结构。如：

The box is so light that he can carry it．→ The box is light enough for him to carry．

He is so young that he can't join the army．→ He is too young to join the army．

→He isn't old enough to join the army．

提示：so．．．that结构中如果主句与从句主语不一致时，变为too．．．to，enough to结构时，须在不定式前加for sb．作为不定式的逻辑主语。

2. if条件状语从句与“祈使句，and（or）+简单句。”的转换。"if引导的否定的条件句+主句"的句型可转换为"祈使句+or+简单句"；"if引导的肯定的条件句+主句"的句型可转换为"祈使句+and+简单句"。如：

Be brave, or you'll lose your chance. → If you aren't brave, you'll lose your chance.

Use your head, and you’ll find a way. →If you use your head, you’ll find a way..

3.because引导的原因状语从句与because of的转换。如：

He was late for school because it rained heavily. →He was late for school because of the heavy rain.

4. 把if not引导的条件状语从句转化为without短语。如：

I can’t pass the exam if you don’t help me. →I can’t pass the exam without your help.

5. 把时间状语从句转化为一个介词短语。如：

I could swim when I was eight years old. →I could swim at the age of eight.

6. 把so that 引导的目的状语从句转化为（in order） to do sth.如：

She got up early so that she could catch the early bus. →She got up early to catch the early bus.

规则三：将定语从句变为简单句

1. 当定语从句是主动语态并且用的是进行时态时，可将定语从句改为现在分词短语；当定语从句中的谓语动词是表示经常性的动作时，可将定语从句改为现在分词短语。如：

The man who is talking with Mary is my brother. →The man talking with Mary is my brother.

A chemist’s shop is a shop which sells medicine. →A chemist’s shop is a shop selling medicine.

2. 当定语从句是被动语态时，可将定语从句改为过去分词短语；当定语从句是表示将要发生的动作或具体某种情态意义时，可将定语从句变为不定式短语。如：

This is a book which was written by a worker.→This is a book written by a worker.

There is a lot of homework that we should do. →There is a lot of homework for us to do.

3. 当定语从句中含有介词短语或形容词短语做表语时，可将定语从句改为介词短语。如：

The girl who is in a hat is Lucy King. →The girl in a hat is Lucy King.