关于保护不吸烟人的英文作文

保护人们免受烟草烟雾危害：

之一：二手烟严重威胁健康

Second-hand tobacco smoke is the smoke
emitted from the burning end of a cigarette
(side-stream smoke) or from other tobacco
products, usually in combination with the
mainstream smoke exhaled by the smoker,
and has similar components to inhaled
or mainstream smoke (6). However, it is
three to four times more toxic per gram
of particulate matter than mainstream
tobacco smoke, and the toxicity of sidestream
smoke is higher than the sum of the
toxicities of its constituents (7).
More than 4 000 chemicals have been
identified in tobacco smoke, at least 250
of which are known to be harmful and

more than 50 of which are known to cause
cancer (8, 9). People in places that allow
smoking can be subject to significant levels
of toxins, as pollution from tobacco smoke
can reach levels that are much higher than
levels of other environmental toxins, such
as particles found in automobile exhaust.
Studies have shown that pollution levels
in indoor places that allow smoking are
higher than levels found on busy roadways,
in closed motor garages and during
firestorms (10).
Second-hand tobacco smoke can spread
from one room to another within a
building, even if doors to the smoking area

are closed. Toxic chemicals from secondhand
tobacco smoke contamination persist
well beyond the period of active smoking,
and then cling to rugs, curtains, clothes,
food, furniture and other materials. These
toxins can remain in a room weeks and
months after someone has smoked there
(11, 12), even if windows are opened
or fans or air filters are used. Filters can
become a source for deposited chemicals
that are then recycled back into the air
of a room rather than removed. Tobacco
toxins that build up over time, coating the
surfaces of room elements and materials
and smokers’ belongings, are sometimes
referred to as “third-hand smoke” (13).

之二：暴露于二手烟和过早死亡

Second-hand tobacco smoke is present in
virtually all public places where smoking is
permitted (14), and there is no safe level of
exposure (15).
Globally, it is estimated that about one
third of adults are regularly exposed to
second-hand tobacco smoke (16). In the
European Union, 14% of non-smokers are
exposed to other people’s tobacco smoke
at home, and a third of working adults are
exposed to second-hand tobacco smoke
at the workplace at least some of the time
(17). In Canada, about a quarter of nonsmokers
report regular exposure at home,
in vehicles or in public places (18).
An estimated 700 million children worldwide
– about 40% of all children – are exposed
to second-hand tobacco smoke at home
(19). The global average of children with at

least one smoking parent, according to the
definition used by the Global Youth Tobacco
Survey (GYTS), is estimated to be 43% (20).
Data from the GYTS indicate that, among
those surveyed, nearly half of youth aged
13 to 15 years who have never smoked are
exposed to second-hand tobacco smoke at
home, with a similar percentage exposed in
places other than the home; these youth are
1.5 to 2 times more likely to initiate smoking
than those not exposed (20).
Second-hand tobacco smoke is estimated
to cause about 600 000 premature deaths
per year worldwide (16), approximately
the same number of people who are killed
by measles or women who die during
childbirth each year (21). Of all deaths
attributable to second-hand tobacco
smoke, 31% occur among children and
64% occur among women (16). About

50 000 deaths in the United States each
year – about 11% of all tobacco-related
deaths – are attributable to exposure to
second-hand tobacco smoke (22). In the
European Union, second-hand tobacco
smoke exposure at work is estimated to
cause about 7 600 deaths per year, with
exposure at home causing an additional
72 100 deaths (23).